Human Body- Chapter 1

Question 1

homeostasis

Answer 1

the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

Question 2

what happens if homeostasis in not mainained?

Answer 2

cells may not get the materials they need so they could die

Question 3

how are cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems related?

Answer 3

grooup of cells=tissue goup of tissues=organ= organs that work together=organ system

Question 4

describe epithelial tissue

Answer 4

covers and protects underlying tissue

Question 5

describe nervous tissue

Answer 5

sends electrical signals throughout the body

Question 6

describe muscle tissue

Answer 6

produces movement

Question 7

describe connective tissue

Answer 7

supports, joins, protects organs

Question 8

describe the function of protection when it comes to bones

Answer 8

protects vital organs from damage

Question 9

describe the function of storage when it comes to bones

Answer 9

stores minerals and fat

Question 10

descrinbe the function of movement when it comes to bones

Answer 10

skeletal muscles pull on bones to create movement

Question 11

describe blood cell formation when it comes to bones

Answer 11

some bones are filled with marrow that produces blood cells

Question 12

define blood vessels

Answer 12

transport substances and help regulate body temperature

Question 13

define cartilage

Answer 13

flexible tissue that eventually grows into bone in most parts of the body

Question 14

define spongy bone

Answer 14

bone tissue with many open spaces, provide most of the strength and suppot for a bone

Question 15

define compact bone

Answer 15

bone tissue without visible open spaces- rigid and dense

Question 16

what happens to most cartilage as a person ages/

Answer 16

its eventually grows into bone (expect the top of your ear, tip of your nose)

Question 17

define gliding joint

Answer 17

allows bones in hand and wrist to glide over one another and have some flexibility

Question 18

define ball and socket joints

Answer 18

allows free movement in all directions (hip, shoulder)

Question 19

define hinge joint

Answer 19

flex and extend like a door opens and closes

Question 20

what is a ligament?

Answer 20

strong elastic bands of connective tissue that connect a bone to a joint

Question 21

define osteoperosis

Answer 21

bone disease that causes bone to become less dense

Question 22

define arthritis

Answer 22

bone disease that causes joints to swell or stiffen

Question 23

define dislocation

Answer 23

when one or more joint has been moved out of place

Question 24

describe functions of muscular system

Answer 24

enables movement. moves food through digestive system, pumps blood throughout body

Question 25

describe skeletal muscle

Answer 25

enables bones to move

Question 26

describe smooth muslce

Answer 26

moves food through the digestive system

Question 27

describe cardiac muscle

Answer 27

pumps blood around the body

Question 28

what is involuntary muscle

Answer 28

muscle action that is not in your control

Question 29

what is voluntary muscle

Answer 29

muscle action that is in your control

Question 30

define flexsor

Answer 30

muscle that bends part of your body

Question 31

define extensor

Answer 31

muscle that straightens part of your body

Question 32

describe resistance excresize

Answer 32

working against the weight of an object, such as curlups

Question 33

describe aerobic excersise

Answer 33

increase muslce strength, heart, and endurance, such as jogging, cycling, swimming, and walking

Question 34

describe strain

Answer 34

when a muslce or tendon is stretched or torn if muscles are worked to hard or not warmed up

Question 35

describe tendinitis

Answer 35

when a tendon becomes inflamed, this can happed if a tendon is overwored, then doesn’t have enought time to repair itself

Question 36

what is and what is a part of the integumentary system

Answer 36

organ system that forms a protective covering over the outside of the body

• skin
• hair
• nails

Question 37

describe the 4 functions of skin

Answer 37

protection- keeps water in and foreign particles out

touch- nerve endings in the skin help you feel things

regulate body temp.- sweat glands produce sweat to help cool the skin

gets rid of waste- several waste chemicals can be removed in sweat

Question 38

what causes skin to come in different colors

Answer 38

melanin-chemical that is present in the skin, the more chemical in the skin, the darker it is

Question 39

describe epidermis

Answer 39

outermost layer of skin that makes your skin tough

Question 40

describe dermis

Answer 40

layer beneath the epidermis that contains colagen- allows the skin to bend without tearing