Human Body Unit Test Flashcards
Describe the Integumentary System
organ system that provides a protective covering around the body (skin, hair, nails)
describe the muscular system
primary function is movement and flexibility
describe the skeletal system
primary function is to support, protect, and allow body to move
describe the cardiovascular and circulatory systems
transports blood throughout the body
describe the respiratory system
takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
describe the nervous system
sends electrical signals throughout the body
describe the digestive system
group of organs that digest food
describe the lymphatic system
collects extracellular fluid and returns it to the blood
define homeostasis
the maintenance of a constant internal state in changing environment
describe bones protect
different structures protect vital internal organs such as the lungs, heart, and kidney
describe what storage has to do with bones
bones store minerals that help your nerves and muscles and fat that can be used for energy
describe how muscles help you move
skeletal muscles pull on bones to produce movement
describe what bones have to do with blood cell formation
some bones contain marrow that produces blood cells
describe gliding joint
allows bones to glide over one another with some flexibility (hand+wrist)
describe ball-and-socket joints
lets you move freely in all directions (hips+shoulders)
describe hinge joints
ability to open and close like a door (knee, elbow)
describe skeletal muscle
enables bone movement (bicep, tricep)
describe smooth muscle
moves food through digestive system (stomach)
describe cardiac muscle
pumps blood throughout body (heart)
describe flexors
bends part of your body
describe extensors
straightens part of your body
aerobic exercise
strengthens heart and endurance: swimming, joggling, cycling
resistance exercise
working against the weight of an object (curl-ups)
how does skin protect?
keeps water in and foreign particles out
how does skin help with touch?
nerve endings in skin let you feel things
what does skin have to do with body temp.?
sweat glands regulate body temperature
how does skin help with waste removal?
waste chemicals can be removed in sweat
describe the epidermis
surface layer of cells on a plant or animal, keratin within cells
describe the dermis
layer below epidermis, fibers within called collagen
describe the heart
main muscle that pumps blood throughout the body
describe veins
vessel that carries blood to the heart
describe arteries
vessel that carries blood away from the heart
describe capillaries
tiny vessel that allows exchange between cells in tissue
pulmonary circulation
between heart and lungs
systemic circulation
between heart and rest of body
describe the pharynx
passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus
describe the larynx
area of the throat that contains vocal cords and produces vocal sounds
describe the trachea
tube that connects the larynx to the lungs
describe the bronchus
one of two tubes that connect lungs with the trachea
describe alveoli
any of the tiny air saces of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
