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OCB > OCB02-2019 Development of salivary glands > Flashcards

OCB02-2019 Development of salivary glands Flashcards

1
Q

What is the histology staining of salivary glands done with? why?

A

Using Periodic- Acid Schiff staining because H&E cannot stain glycoproteins very well

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2
Q

What colour do acinar cells appear in histological stain?

A

Purple

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3
Q

What colour do duct cells appear in histological stain?

A

pink

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4
Q

What is the purpose of acinar cells?

A

produce saliva into the ducts

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5
Q

What is the purpose of ductal cells?

A

Modify the saliva

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6
Q

What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves control with regards to saliva?

A

Control the flow rate and which proteins are secreted into the saliva

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7
Q

What saliva does the parasympathetic NS result in?

A

Large amounts of thin saliva

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8
Q

What saliva does the sympathetic NS result in?

A

Small amounts of thick saliva

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9
Q

Once secretory components have formed in acinar cells, where do they travel?

A

Into intercalated ducts which lead to striated ducts

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10
Q

What type of ducts are intercalated and striated ducts known as?

A

Intralobular ducts

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11
Q

What are the cells of the ducts connected by?

A

Tight junctions

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12
Q

What do blood vessels supply for the saliva?

A

The water content, but not proteins

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13
Q

Where do major salivary glands develop from?

A

Oral ectoderm

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14
Q

Where do minor salivary glands develop?

A

Oral ectoderm and endoderm

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15
Q

What are the 5 stages of salivary gland development?

A 
Initial bud formation
Pseudo-glandular 
Canalicular
Terminal Bud
Adult formation
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16
Q

Which stages of development are embryonic?

A

Initial bud formation
Pseudo-glandular
Canalicular

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17
Q

What stage of development is perinatal?

A

terminal bud formation

18
Q

When does initial bud formation take place?

A

Initial 6 weeks of embryogenesis

19
Q

What occurs during initial bud formation?

A

Thickening of the oral cavity ectoderm to form epithelial placode
Mesenchyme receives signals and it condenses as the placode expands

20
Q

What occurs in the pseudo glandular stage?

A

Branching occurs, and there are long projections of epithelial cells with terminal ends

21
Q

In the pseudo glandular phase, what promotes branching?

A

FGFs

22
Q

In the pseudo glandular phase, what antagonises branching?

A

BMPs

23
Q

What does mesenchyme control in the pseudo glandular phase?

A

It control influence on branching only and does not affect which salivary proteins are secreted

24
Q

When does the canalicular stage occur?

A

10 weeks in utero

25
Q

What occurs in the canalicular stage?

A

Apoptosis of central cells forms lumens

26
Q

What does failure of the canalicular stage result in?

A

Cause retention cysts/ ranulas which are a collection of fluid/saliva that becomes trapped in the mucosa

27
Q

When does terminal bud stage occur?

A

Around 16 weeks in utero

28
Q

What cells form acini in the terminal bud stage?

A

Type 3 cells

29
Q

What cells form striated ducts in the terminal bud stage?

A

type 1 cells

30
Q

When does the adult formation stage occur?

A

36 weeks in humans

31
Q

What occurs in the adult formation stage?

A

Development and integration of nerves

Nerves develop separately and attach to acini cells around birth

32
Q

What does the maturation of salivary glands depend on?

A

The interaction with nerves

33
Q

What proteins are present in neonates?

A

IgD
sIgA
Albumin

34
Q

What does the salivary protein shift from and to?

A

IgD to sIgA

35
Q

What defence builds in the first year?

A

Mucosal defence

36
Q

What are the influences on salivary gland development in adults?

A

Tooth eruption/ weaning/ mastication: there are mechanoreceptors which become activated, there is increased neural input to glands which causes secretion
Puberty and menopause: hormones
Age: Salivary protein profile changes so amylase is found. More fibrosis and fat deposits through age but this does not impede function. The is no age-related decline in salivary flow, but medications can cause xerostomia

37
Q

When does branching morphogenesis occur?

A

Pseudo-glandular stage

38
Q

When do nerves connect into acinar cells?

A

Perinatal/ adult formation

39
Q

From which tissue do myoepithelial cells develop?

A

Ectoderm

40
Q

Is amylase an embryonic or adult salivary protein?

A

Adult

41
Q

Which signalling molecule opposes FGF-signalling?

A

BMPs

OCB (16 decks)

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