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USMLE Step 3 > Obstetrics > Flashcards

Obstetrics Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Causes of third-trimester bleeding

A
  • Abruptio placenta
  • Placenta previa
  • Vasa previa
  • Uterine rupture
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2
Q

Toxoplasmosis triad

A
  • Chorioretinitis
  • Intracranial calcification
  • Hydrocephalus
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3
Q

Treatment of maternal varicella

A

Oral acyclovir for mom

VariZIG to mother and mom

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4
Q

Congenital varicella

A

IV acyclovir and variZIG on neonate

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5
Q

Congenital Rubella

A 
Deafness
Cataracts
mental retardation
Hepatosplenomegaly
Thrombocytopena
Blueberry muffin Rash
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6
Q

Most common congenital syndrome in US

A

CMV

  • microcephaly
  • Corioretinitis
  • PERIVENTRICULAR CALCIFICATIONS

give GANCICLOVIR or foscarner prevents viral shedding and prevents hearing loss but does not cure the infection

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7
Q

Congenital CMV

A 
Intrauterine growth restriction
prematurity
MICROCEPHALY
jaundice
petechiae
hepatosplenomegaly
PERIVENTRICULAR CALSIFICATIONS
Chorioretinitis
Pnuemonitis

Treat with ganciclovir or foscarnet(prevent hearing loss)

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8
Q

treatment for septic abortion

A

D&C and IV levofloxacin and metronidazole

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9
Q

Most common cause of spontaneous abortion

A

Chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo or fetus

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10
Q

Complication of prolonged(>2 weeks) fetal demise

A

DIC

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11
Q

Indication for methotrexate

A

<3.5cm
Absence of the fetal heart motion
B-HCG level <6000
No history of folic supplementation

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12
Q

Indication for steroids for lung maturity in pregnancy

A

28-34 week

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13
Q

indication for cerclage

A

12-14 weeks

Remove at 36-37

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14
Q

IUGR

A

<10 percentile

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15
Q

Symmetrical IUGR

A

FETAL CAUSES

  • Aneuploidy
  • Infection
  • Structural anomalies
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16
Q

Asymmetric IUGR

A

MATERNAL OR PLANCENTAL CAUSES

  • Hypertension
  • Small vessel
  • Malnutrition
  • Tabacco, Alcohol, street drugs
  • Infarction
  • Abruption
  • Twin-Twin transfusion
  • Velamentous cord insertion
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17
Q

Macrosomia

A

4000-4,500 gr

18
Q

PROM

A

> 34 weeks —> Iniate delivery

24-34 ———->Hospitalize, IM bethamethasone,cervical cultures,Prophylactic ampicillin and erythromycin for 7 days.

19
Q

Normal Baseline FHR

A

110-160 beats/minute

20
Q

What does Variable acceleration mean

A

Umbilical cord compression or fetal acidosis

21
Q

what does Late Decelerations mean

A

Uteroplacental insufficiency or fetal acidosis

22
Q

Fetal PH

A

pH>7.2

23
Q

Indication for Cesarean

A
  • Cephalopelvic disproportion
  • Fetal malpresentation
  • Nonreassuring EFM strip
  • Placenta previa (<2 cm)
  • Infection: mother with HIV or active vaginal herpes
  • Uterine scar
24
Q

the optimal time for External cephalic version

A

37 weeks

25
Q

most common cause of excessive postpartum bleeding

A

Uterine atony

Give massage and uterotonic agent

26
Q

Postpartum fever

A

PP day 0:Atelectasis
PP day 1:UTI
PP day 2-3:Endometitis(IV genta + Clinda)
PP day 4-5:Wound infection
PP day 5-6:Septic thrombophlebitis
PP day 7-21: Infectious mastitis (antistaphilococal penicillin) or cefalexin.

27
Q

severe bipolar mania treatment during pregnancy

A

Haloperidol

28
Q

Gestational age for external cephalic version

A

37 weeks

29
Q

Antiepileptics drugs in pregnancy

A

DO NOT !!! stop antiepileptic drugs

30
Q

most importan risk factor for plancetan accreta

A

previous C- Section

31
Q

Vasa previa Classic case

A

Rupture of membranes
Painless vaginal bleeding
Fetal bradycardia

EMERGENCY CESARIAN SECTION

32
Q

inidication for antibiotic en GBS during pregnancy

A

Preterm delivery
Membrane rupture>18
Maternal fever
Previos baby with GBS sepsis

33
Q

rubella inmmunization during pregnancy

A

CONTRAINDICATED!!!!

34
Q

treatment of choice for symptomatic hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

A

B-Blockers

35
Q

TReatment of grave`s in pregnancy

A

First Trimester=PTU

Second an Third=Methimazole

36
Q

indication for medical abortion

A

ONLY WITHIN 63 of amenorrhea
-Mifepristone and misoprostol

D&C Before 13 weeks

37
Q

Expontaneous abortion definition

A

<500 gt or <20 weeks of gestation

38
Q

Fetal demise definition

A

> 20 weeks(Loss of fetal movements)

39
Q

Most common risk factor for Ectopic pregnancy

A

PID

40
Q

Duration active phase of dilation

A 
Prolongation:
    -<1.2cm/h
    -<1.5 cm/h
Arrest:
    -No cervical cahnge in> 2h
41
Q

first line contraception in adolescents

A

copper or progestin intrauterine devices

USMLE Step 3 (19 decks)

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