Nephrology Flashcards
Goodpasture syndrome treatment
Plasmapheresis
Allergic angiitis(Churg-Strauss syndrome) treatment
Glucocorticoids
wegeners treatment
-Cyclophosphamide and steroids
best initial test for Goodpasture
Anti.-basement menbrane antibodies
best initial test for begeners
C- ANca
Best initial test for PAN
ESR and markers of inflamation
Most acurate test for PAN
sural nerve biopsy
treatment for PAN
Cyclophosphamide and steroids
Biopsy findinds on PSGN
Subepithelial deposits of IgG and C3
Nephroyic syndrome
Proteninuria >3.5g
edema
hyperlipidemia
edema
Steps in evaluation of proteinuria
1-.UA 2-.Repeat UA 3-.Evaluate for orthostatic proteinuria 4-.Get protein/Creatinine ratio 5-.Perform a renal biopsy
Indications for Dialysis
- Hyperkalemia
- Metabolic acidosis
- Uremia with encephalopathy
- Fluid overload
- Uremia with pericarditis
- Toxic dializable drugs (Li,Ehylene glycol,ASA)
- Uremia-induced malnutrition
causes of hypernatremia
- Dehydration
- Central DI
- Nephrogenic DI
causes of hypernatremia
Euvolemic hyponatremia
- SIADH
- Addison´s Diasease
Causes of hyperkalemia
- metabolic acidosis
- Adrenal aldosterone deficiency
- Beta blockers
- Digoxin toxicity
- ACE inhibitos and angiotensin receptor blockers
- Type IV renal tubular acidosis
- Renal failure
Causes of Increased Anion gap metabolic acidosis
- Lactic acidosis
- ASA overdose
- Methanol intoxication
- Ethylene glycol intoxicaiton
- INH intoxication
- Uremia
- DKA
Causes of Normal Anion Gap metabolic acidosis
- Diarrhea(Neg UAG)
- RTA(+ UAG)
causes od metabolic alkalosis
- Vomiting
- Volumen contraction
- Conn syndrome or Cushing syndrome
- Hypokalemia
- Milk alkali syndrome
Investigate for 2 hypertension when
- young (<30) or old (60>)patient
- Failure on 3 meds
- Specific findings
Causes of secondary hypertension(6)
Hormonal -Pheochormocytoma -Conn syndrome -Cushing syndrome -Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Vascular -Renal artery stenosis -Coarctation of aorta
low complement glomerulonephritis
- Hep B and C= crioglobulinemia
- Lupus
- Infections(leptospira,PSGN,endocarditis)
- Cancer
Norma complement GMN
IgA -Enf. Berger -Henoch schonlein purpura C ANCA -Wegener`s P ANCA -Microscopic polyangiitis -Churgs Straus Alport Sx Goodpasture(IgG vs collagen IV)
Hypernatremia
- Dehydration
- DI(central or renal)
