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USMLE Step 3 > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Best initial Test for stroke

A

Head CT without contrast

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2
Q

profound upper extremity weakness
Aphasia
Apraxia/neglect
Eyes deviate toward the side of the lesion

A

Middle cerebral artery stroke

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3
Q

Profound lower extremity weakness
Mild upper extremity weakness
Personality changes or psychiatric disturbance
urinary incontinence

A

Anterior cerebral artery stroke

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4
Q

Inability to recognize faces(Prosopagnosia)

A

Posterior cerebral artery

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5
Q 
vertigo 
nausea
Loss of consciousness
vertical nystagmus
ataxia
bilateral findings
A

Vertebrobasilar artery stroke

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6
Q

Absolute contraindications for thrombolytics

Always withing 3 hours.

A
  • History of hemorrhagic stroke
  • Presence of intracranial mass/neoplasm
  • Active bleeding or surgery within 6 weeks
  • Presence of bleeding disorder
  • CPR within 3 weeks that was traumatic
  • Suspicion of aortic dissection
  • Stroke within 1 year
  • Cerebral trauma or brain surgery within 6 months
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7
Q

Best initial therapy for those coming too late for thrombolytics

A

ASA

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8
Q

Acute treatment for Seizures

A

1-.Benzodiazepines
2-.add Phosphenytoin
3-.Add Phenobarbital
4-.Add general anesthesia(pentobarbital,thiopental,midazolam or propofol)

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9
Q

Best initial therapy for seizures

A
  • Valproic acid
  • Carbamazepine
  • Phenytoin
  • Levetiracepam
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10
Q

Treatment for levodopa psycosis

A

Quetiapine

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11
Q

Treatment for Parkinsons´s< age 60

A

Anticholinergics

  • Benztropine
  • Hydroxyzine
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12
Q

Treatment for Parkinson´s> age 60

A

Amantadine very good for resting tremor

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13
Q

Treatment for Parkinson´s with severe symptoms

A
  • Carvidopa,Levodopa

- (pramipexole,ropinirole,cabergoline)

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14
Q

Besti initial test for MS

A

MRI

Best initial therapy:STEROIDS

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15
Q

Dementia workup

A
  • Head CT
  • B12 level
  • T4/TSH
  • RPR or VDRL
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16
Q

Alzheimer Treatment

A

Anticholinesterase Medications

  • Donepezilo
  • Rivastigmine
  • Galantamine
17
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Most accurate test:
CSF findings:

A

Most accurate test: Brain biopsy

CSF findings:14-3-3 protein

18
Q

Indications for CT or MRI for migraine

A
  • Sudden or severe
  • Onset after age 40
  • Nuerological findings
19
Q

Indications for CT before LP in CNS infections

A
  • History of central nervous system disease
  • Focal neurologic deficit
  • Papilledema
  • Seizures
  • Altered consciousness
  • Significant delay in the ability to perform an LP
20
Q

Treatment for lyme disease

A

IV ceftriaxone or penicillin

21
Q

Rocky mountain spotted fever treatmetn

A

Doxycycline

22
Q

Most acurate diagnosis for TB meningintis

A

PCR of CSF

23
Q

Treatment of listeria meningitis
Neutrophils in CNS
Gram stain may be normal

A

Ceftriaxone,vanco Add Ampicillin

24
Q

-pCO goal in intracraneal Hemorrhage hyperventilation

A

-pCO2 to 28-32

25
Q

Treatment for ALS

A

Riluzole

26
Q

treatment for Restless syndrome

A

-Pramipexole or ropinirole

27
Q

best initial test for Myasthglyenia Gravis

A

ACHR

28
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

Decreasing drooling and diarrhea

29
Q

Dopamine agonist

A
  • Pramipexole
  • Ropinirole
  • Cabergoline
30
Q

best prophylactic therapy for Cluster headaches

A

CCBs

VERAPAMIL

31
Q

indication for migraine prophylaxis

A

4 or more headaches occur per month

32
Q

Neisseria meningitidis meningitis

A

-Enforce respiratory isolation and precribe rifampin/cirpro or ceftriaxone for close contacs(house hold and saliva-type contact)

33
Q

Treatment for naegleria

A

Miltefosine and storiod

FATAL 95%

34
Q

best predictgor for respiratory failure in myastenia gravis

A

Peak inspiratory pressure

35
Q

best initial treatment for Myasthenia grvis

A

-Pyridostigmine or neostigmine

36
Q

dopamin agonist(for parkinson)

A

pramipexole
ropinirole
cabergoline

37
Q

The goal of PCO2 in heat trauma

A

Respiratory alkalosis

PCO2 to 28-32

USMLE Step 3 (19 decks)

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