Observational Techniques(RM) Flashcards
What is a controlled observation?
An observation that takes place in a highly controlled environment such as a laboratory setting
What is a strength of controlled observation?
High level of control
Easier to establish cause and effect relationships
What is a limitation of controlled observation?
The environment is artificial, therefore you may not get natural behaviour
What is a naturalistic observation?
An observation that takes place in people’s natural environment without control over the variables
What are the strengths of naturalistic observation?
High degree of natural behaviour meaning findings can be generalised to everyday life.
What are the limitations of naturalistic observation?
No control of variables so difficult to establish cause and effect relationships
What is a covert observation?
Observation that takes place without the knowledge or awareness of the participants
What are the strengths of covert observation?
More valid results from participants because natural behaviour is being observed
What are the limitations of covert observation?
Lack of informed consent means there are ethical issues
What is an overt observation?
Observation that takes place with the full knowledge and awareness of the participants
What are the strengths of overt observation?
Ethically sound as participants know they are being observed and will have given consent
What are the limitations of overt observation?
Participants may not behave naturally if they are aware of being observed
What is participant observation?
Data is gathering by the psychologists whilst being part of the observed group of situation
What are the strengths of participant observation?
Greater insight into behaviour are gained by being part of the group
Increased validity of the findings
What are the limitations of participant observation?
Objectivity of observations are affected by being part of the group/ situation
