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Chat GPT > Obs and gynae > Flashcards

Obs and gynae Flashcards

1
Q

Which vaccines are offered to all pregnant women?

A

Influenza and pertussis

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2
Q

What investigation is required after a medically managed miscarriage?

A

pregnancy test after 3 weeks

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3
Q

What’s the management of hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

fluid resuscitation with 0.9% saline +/- IV pabrinex to avoid Wernicke’s encephalopathy

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4
Q

Side effect of anostrozole (Aromatase inhibitors)

A

Osteoporosis

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5
Q

If low-lying placenta is found at the 20-week scan, when do we re-scan?

A

At 32 weeks to assess

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6
Q

Symptom triad of vasa praevia

A

Rupture of membranes followed by painless vaginal bleeding and fetal bradycardia

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7
Q

Risk factor for surfactant deficient lung disease in the newborn?

A

Maternal diabetes mellitus

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8
Q

Which medication is used to manage gestational hypertension in asthmatics?

A

Nifedipine

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9
Q

What is seen on bloods in premature ovarian failure?

A

High FSH, High LH, low oestrodiol

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10
Q

How long should women take HRT for in premature ovarian failure?

A

Until, at least, the age of 50

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11
Q

Which medication is used in PCOS to treat infertility?

A

Clomifene

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12
Q

What is seen on USS in ovarian torsion?

A

Whirlpool sign

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13
Q

What is seen on USS in fibroids?

A

Hypoechoic masses

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14
Q

When should external cephalic version offered in breech lie?

A

36 weeks

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15
Q

Female modifiable risk factors for infertility

A
  • Previous or current STI
  • Obesity
  • Low body weight
  • Smoking
  • Stress
  • Exposure to occupational or environmental hazards
  • NSAID use
  • Chemotherapy
  • Antidepressants
  • Antipsychotics
  • Marijuana or cocaine use
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16
Q

Why does ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome lead to SOB?

A

1) Hyperstimulated ovaries release vasoactive mediators
2) Increased capillary permeability causes fluid shift from intravascular compartment to third space compartments
3) SOB due to pleural effusion

17
Q

Which SSRIs can be used in breastfeeding women

A

Sertraline or paroxetine ONLY

18
Q

Thrush treatment (vaginal candiadasis) in non-pregnant women

A

One dose of oral fluconazole

19
Q

Thrush treatment (vaginal candiadasis) in pregnant women

A

clotrimazole 500 mg intravaginal pessary as a single dose

20
Q

Where does ovarian cancer typically metastasise to?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

21
Q

Pre-eclampsia symptoms

A

Headache, blurred vision, N+V, brisk reflexes, oedema, epigastric pain

22
Q

Pre-eclampsia risk factors

A

Increased maternal age, nulliparity

23
Q

Urine dipstick result in pre-eclampsia

A

Proteinuria

24
Q

Which patient group is labetolol contraindicated in for pre-eclampsia?

A

Asthmatics

25
Q

Complication of pre-eclampsia / eclampsia

A

HELLP syndrome (haemolysis, Elevated liver enzymes, Low platelets)

26
Q

Copper coil side effects

A

(Short term) spotting or cramping after insertion / heavier periods / more painful periods / infection / it can fall out

27
Q

Investigation of choice in post-menopausal bleeding (2 stages)

A

TVUS (if endometrial thickening) => pipelle biopsy

28
Q

Treatment of stage 1 endometrial cancer

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

29
Q

Protective factors for endometrial cancer

A

COCP / Mirena / Increased pregnancy / Cigarette smoking

30
Q

Risk factors this woman has for endometrial cancer

A

Increased age / early menarche / late menopause / nulliparity / T2DM

31
Q

What is the aim of the cervical cancer screening programme?

A

Screen for HPV
Screen for abnormal cells indicative of pre-invasive (dyskaryosis) disease ‘cervical intraepithelial neoplasia’

32
Q

How regularly are routine smears conducted?

A

Every 3 years in 25-49 year olds
Every 5 years in 50-64 year olds

33
Q

Aside from HPV, list risk factors for the development of cervical cancer

A
  • Multiple sexual partners
  • Younger age at first intercourse
  • Non-attendance at smears
  • Immunosuppression
  • Oral contraceptives
  • Higher parity
  • Tobacco use
  • Deprivation
34
Q

Aspects of the APGAR score

A

Appearance / body colour
Pulse rate
Grimace / reflex irritability Activity / muscle tone Respiratory effort

35
Q

Urgent management in placental abruption (A-E)

A
  • Get senior help / 2222 / emergency bleep obstetrics
  • A:Protect airway
  • B: 15L of 100% oxygen through a non-rebreather mask
  • C:
  • Insert two large bore (14G) cannulas
  • Take bloods: group + save, FBC, clotting screen, U&E, LFT
  • Activate major haemorrhage protocol
  • Give warmed fluids
  • Consider TXA
  • D: Monitor patient’s GCS
36
Q

Complications of gestational diabetes

A
  • Macrosomia / Shoulder dystocia / Obstructed/delayed labour
  • Organomegaly (particularly cardiomegaly)
  • Polycythaemia
  • Polyhydramnios
  • Preterm delivery
  • Neonatal hypoglycaemia
  • Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
37
Q

Criteria used in the diagnosis of PCOS

A

Rotterdam

Chat GPT (18 decks)

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