objective 3.2 Flashcards
- The study of right/good and
wrong/bad behavior - The study of morality and
moral principles - The practices, beliefs, and
standards of individuals or
certain groups about what
should be done
ethics
Explores broader
theory. Analyzes the meaning of key
terms such as right, obligation,
good, and virtue
meta-ethics
Standards most
people use to guide their behaviors
and how they are determined
normative ethics
How we apply ethical
principles to resolving real-life
ethically challenging situations
applied ethics
Division of applied ethics rooted in biological research and
medicine and increasingly concerned with questions related
to health care
Applies to real life situations
bioethics
what are the 4 major principles of bioethics>
- Respect and autonomy
- Justice
- Beneficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Focuses on ethical actions within ethical dimensions and
relationships - When developing or revising any type or health policy,
nurse should consider that a relational ethics approach,
each individual or stakeholder is social and brings both
context and experience to the process of policy
development
relational ethics
why should nurses study ethics>
In the provision of health care, nurses make decisions about
what is the right thing to do in different circumstances
In managing difficult situations, you need:
* awareness of own values and client values
* good understanding of ethics theory and principles
* sound approach to ethical decision-making
Ideals that have significance,
meaning, or importance to individual, group, or society
values
what are the types of values?
personal
professional
cultural
The way individuals see the world; family
experiences strongly influence
* give us some sense of individuality; family
experiences have a strong influence
personal values
what are the 4 impt values that are related to nursing?
- Commitment to service
- Belief in worth and dignity of persons
- Commitment to education
- Professional autonomy
- Adopted as a result of a person’s social setting
- Society
- Media
cultural values
Intended to provide frameworks and rules to guide decisions about what is right or wrong
* Teleology
* Deontology
normative
Considers ends, outcomes, and the consequences of decisions and actions
teleology
- Represents one’s duty to others and to fulfill
obligations - Do no harm
- Based on rules and societal
norms - Human dignity
deontology
- Represents how useful a decision is to greatest
number of people - Based on idea that what is useful is a good thing
- Values the needs of group over the needs of
individuals
utilitarianism
articulates the
ethical values and responsibilities
that Licensed Practical Nurses
uphold and promote, and to which
they are accountable
CLPNNL code of ethics
- Set of ethical principles accepted by members of a
profession - Reliability and dependability
- Duty to perform actions well and thoughtfully (deontology)
- Ensure safe, competent care
- Respect client rights to dignity, privacy, and information
code of ethics
it is your
_________ to go to work on time, to do those tasks you are assigned
* Respect client rights (some
based on ethical principles)
responsibility
- Being answerable for one’s
actions - Evaluate new professional
practices - Reassess existing practices
- Ensure skill to practice
- Safe-guard quality of nursing
care - Share knowledge with others
accountability
Protect client rights and interests in health care settings
advocacy
the right to choose
one’s own actions
autonomy
- Obligation to “do good”
- Positive move to benefit another
do what is good
for the patient
beneficence
- Basis for many of the rules and principles taught in nursing
- Some nursing actions produce temporary harm (but produce a
good in the end) - Nurses may mean no harm but may actually cause harm
unintentionally
do no harm to
the patient
nonmaleficence
- Based on fairness/ fair treatment
- Consider what is due each person as a member of the
human community - How benefits and burdens are distributed
being just, impartial,
and fair
justice
faithfulness to
promises or agreements
fidelity
being truthful and
honest
veracity
A situation
where there are conflicts between one or more values and uncertainty about the correct course of action
moral uncertainty
Involve actions or failures to act that breach fundamental duties to the person receiving care or to the colleague or to other health care providers.
ethical violation
occur when questions arise when there are
two or more possible courses of action and choosing one
course means that something else is relinquished or let go
ethical dilemmas
occurs when nurses feel they know the
right thing to do, but system structures or personal limitations
make it impossible to pursue the right course of action.
ethical/moral distress
what are the step in ethical decision making
- Clarify the need
- Identify all involved
- Arrange a meeting
- Select a facilitator or chair
- Identify areas of agreement
- Identify areas of disagreement
- Offer resources
- Seek outside advice if
necessary - Make a decision
- Implement the decision
How goods and services are distributed
across society
distributive justice
Compensation or payment for harm
that has been done
compensatory justice
Equity of health
care dollars or medical resources
equal share
Burden of health care
needs; high cost of health care
society
- Foundation of nurse-client relationship
- Health care providers keep promises
- Acting in the best interest of the client
- Being faithful to those entrusted to our care
- Breached when break confidentiality; speak
disrespectfully to/about clients; late
administering pain meds
fidelity and HC
- Telling the truth
- In Health Care:
- Being honest –eg.
communicating bad news - Clients need to be fully
informed in order to make
decisions about their health - Clients have a right to
determine how much
information they want
veracity
