OBH Chapter 9 Flashcards
Give the definition of a group
Group comprises two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives. A group can either be formal or informal.
What is a formal group, and give two examples.
Defined by an organization’s structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks.
o Command group, individuals from the same level who report directly to their superior
o Task group, Spread throughout multiple levels of an organization, all tasks groups are also command groups.
What is an informal group, and give two examples.
Neither formally structured nor organizationally determined group.
o Interest group Affiliated people which came together to attain a specific objective with which each individual is concerned
o Friendship groups: social alliances
Give 6 reasons why people join groups?
o Security o Status o Self-Esteem o Affiliation o Power o Goal achievement
What are the five main group properties?
o Role o Norms o Status o Group size o Cohesiveness
What are the advantages and weaknesses for group decision making?
Advantages, more information available, more accepted/democratic solution
Weaknesses, slower, affected by conformity pressures, dominated by few people
Which two group-damaging phenomena affecting group performance as a by-product of group decision-making are there?
o Group thinking, when the norm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative course and the full expression of deviant, minority or unpopular
o Group shift, feelings become more emphasized and lead to extreme decisions.
What is brainstorming as a group decision-making technique?
No criticism, only ideas
What are the steps of the nominal group technique as a group decision-making technique?
First members meet in a group but write down idea
Secondly, each member presents one idea
Thirdly, Discussion of all ideas and evaluation
Last, independent ranking of ideas by each member, highest aggregate wins.
