Obesity 4 Flashcards
is adipocyte the main cell type in adipose tissue?
no, there a ton of cell types in adipose tissue
main cell types in adipose tissue
Mesothelium
ASPC
Adipocyte
Endothelial
Macrophage
T-Cell
changes in pathological remodeling of adipose tissue
Impaired adipogenesis (adipocyte regeneration is slowed down in aging and obese)
Chronic inflammation
Fibrosis
Insulin resistance
Adipose tissue becomes rigid
adipose tissue and obesity
reduced thermogenic activity
aging and obesity
Obesity is the mother of chronic diseases
Aging is the father of chronic diseases
Obesity and aging are intertwined and cannot be separated
hyperplasia
creation of new adipocyte cells
more common in metabolically healthy obesity
hypertrophy
enlargement of adipocytes
metabolically unhealthy obesity
increased adipocyte size dropletes live __ years and cause __ (4)
increased adipocyte size dropletes live 2-10 years and cause insulin resistance, inflammation, hypoxia, fibrosis (4)
can fat cells proliferate?
no, they just differentiate
fat cells are efficient at storing __
fat cells are efficient at storing energy
most accurate measure of obesity is adipocyte __
most accurate measure of obesity is adipocyte size
hallmarks of excess adipose tissue (immune)
mast cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, and greater production of pathogenic antibodies (IgG)
how is adipose tissue an immunometabolic organ
it leads to the production of greater immune cells
excess adipose tissue leads to an incerase in __ cytokines
excess adipose tissue leads to an incerase in proinflammatory cytokines
in obesity, B cells produce
increased antibodies
leptin is a pro-inflammatory __
leptin is a pro-inflammatory adipokine
leptin is produced by __ and regulates __ cells and __ homeostasis
leptin is produced by adipocytes and regulates immune cells and energy homeostasis
dysfunctional adipose tissue = releases __ adipokines = insulin resistance, impaired vascular health, muscle health, liver health = stroke, MI, artery, disease
dysfunctional adipose tissue = releases pro-inflammatory adipokines = insulin resistance, impaired vascular health, muscle health, liver health = stroke, MI, artery, disease
obesity –> __ –> metabolic diseases
obesity –> inflammation –> metabolic diseases
fibrosis in obesity
matrix of firboids is increased
how does fibrosis cause adipose dysfunctions
mechanical stress to adipocytes
disrupt hormone signaling
increase tissue rigidity
impair tissue expansion
worsen inflammation
