Cancer 3 Flashcards
treatments for loss of appetite
- Small, frequent meals
- high calorie, high protein
- Eat at scheduled times
- Oral nutrition supplements
- Keep non-perishable foods in frequently used areas
- Light exercise, if able
- Approach eating as part of treatment plan
nausea and vomiting treatment options
- Small, frequent meals
- Dry, bland foods
- Cold/room temperature foods
- Avoid greasy, high fat foods
- Avoid favorite foods when nauseous
- Limit exposure to cooking odors and avoid strong smells
- Drink plenty of fluids in-between meals
- Take pain medications with crackers or light foods
treatments for taste changes
- Plastic/wooden cutlery instead of silver
- Sweeten foods that taste salty
- Add salt, vinegar, lemon juice to overly sweet foods (if no mouth sores present)
- Marinate meat in tart fruit juices
- Add spices and herbs to food
- Lemon candies in-between meal
- Keep mouth clean
- Cleaning rinse: ¾ tsp salt, 1 tsp baking soda in 4 cups of water
treatments for dysphagia
- Alter food textures as directed by SLP for safe swallowing
- Use thickness in liquids as directed by SLP
- Choose moist foods
- Avoid dry foods that separate (rice, crackers)
- Alternate bite of solid food with sip of liquid
- Eat and drink while in an upright position
- Avoid using straws
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
pancreas can’t deliver enough pancreatic enzymes to the small intestine to digest nutrients
direct test to look at pancreas functions
invasive but, endoscopy
look at secretin, CCK
indirect way to look at pancreas functions
fecal elastase-1, fecal chromotrypsin, and serum trypsinogen
clinical symptoms of pancreatic insufficiency
- yellow/floating/oily/foul smelling bowel movements and/or
- postprandial abdominal pain/cramping/bloating/foul smelling flatulence
perioperative nutrition management who made the guidelines
ERAS society
preadmission guidelines for nutrition management
- no smoking, alcohol
- assess nutrition
preoperative guidelines
carbohydrate treatment
avoid NPO
intraoperative guidelines
minimally invasive
maintain fluid balance
minimize drains and tubes
postoperative guidelines
early diet advancement (liquids and solids day of surgery)
eat protein and energy rich nutrition supplements
nutrition therapy during surgery focuses on
prevention and treatment of catabolism and malnutrition
ESPEN Grade A recommendation on food and drink before anesthesia
food 6 hours before
clear liquids 2 hours before
