OB BOLD 2 Flashcards
morbidity
disease/ ilness
two tests of baby well being
biophysical profile (BPP) and non stress test (NST)
4 BPP scoring criteria
fetal breathing movement, fetal movement, fetal tone, amniotic fluid volume
fetal breathing expected by what week
26
what counts as fetal breath
hiccups
fetal tone is
extension of joint (including mouth or hand)
nonstress test is
5th part of Bpp
Non stress test accesses
fetal heart rate excelleration with movement
whats considered reative on NST
2 accelerations of 15 bpm for 15 seconds
first factors to be affected by asphyxia
NST and breathing
fetal breathing decreases significantly when
up to 3 days before labour
head sparing
decreased resistance of blood to the brain to save organ
uterine wall too thin called (3)
placenta accreta, increta and percreta
cervical incompetence aka
cervical insufficiency
cervical incompetence=
<2.5
cervical incompetence can occur by ______ going through what shaped
funnelling
Y - U - V
what should be able to be visualized on early pregnancy
Corpus luteum
trophblastic cells develop to
chroion frondulosum and leave
vascularization of placenta at
5 weeks
intervilous spaces called _______ fill with blood
lacunea
ultimately a _____ forms from the chorion frondulosum
placental disk
Placenta develops ____
septa
sections made by septa are called
cotelydons
in grade 2 of placenta we see
basal plate calcifications
Placenta makes what hormone
hCG and progesterone and hCS
hCS affets
maternal metabolism
what is placental abruption
placenta begins to fall away from the decidua basalis during the pregnancy
the clear of the internal os measurement of the placenta should be
> 2cm
marginal placenta privia is
placenta near edge of internal os
complete placenta privia
covering internal os
succenturiate lobe
accessory lobe to placenta
pathologies of large placenta (2)
intraplacental hemorrhage
chorioangioma
small placenta might suggest
poor blood flow
poor placental growth associated with IUGR
intrauterine growth restrictions
what is responsible for providing blood to the intervillous spaces
decidual spiral arteries
umbilical cord surrounded by
whartons jelly
too long of cord has potential for
nuchal cord
important part of umbilical anatomical scan
poin it connects to placenta and to the fetus
Abodminal cord insertion seen at
8-12 weeks
placental cord insertion (PCI) should be seen where
center of the placenta
marginal cord insertion
near edge of placenta
velamentous cord insertion
cord inserts into membranes adjacent to the placenta
to the fetus from the placenta blood flow
no pulsatility
are 2nd and 3rd trimester cord cysts okay ?
no
during 2nd and 3 trimester fetus is surrounded by
amniochorionic membrane
amniotic band syndrome is
inadequate fusion of amnion and chorion
PROM stands for
premature rupture of membranes
aminocentesis is
campling of the amniotic fluid
PROM for >24 hours can cause
chorioamnionitis
amnionic fluid function(3)
shock absorb, temperature regularion and allows fetal movement.
major sourse of AFV is
urine
skin cells sloughed off called
vernix
polyhydraminos is
too much amniotic fluid
AFV is subjective by
experience of sonographer
largest signle pocket must not have
umbilical cord and fetal body parts
what is important when acessing pocket
transducer orientation (vertical depth, AP)
normal AVF
2-8cm