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OB > Lecture 2A > Flashcards

Lecture 2A Flashcards

1
Q

The endometrial cycle is broken into what 2 phases

A

Proliferative/follicular phase

Secretory/luteal phase

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2
Q

When is proliferative/follicular phase

A

1st half of menstural cycle

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3
Q

What happens during proliferative/follicular phase

A

Gradual thickening of the functional layer - known as proliferation

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4
Q

The changes during the proliferative/follicular phase is in response to

A

Estrogen

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5
Q

The secretory/ luteal phase is when?

A

The second half of the menstural cycle

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6
Q

What happens during secretory/ luteal phase

A

Increased vascularity and preparation for implantation — known as differentiation

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7
Q

Changes during secretory/ luteal phase are in response to

A

Progesterone mostly but also estrogen

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8
Q

Menstrual bleeding marks day ____

A

1

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9
Q

Why does menstrual bleeding occur in proliferative phase?

A

In response to decrese in estrogen and progesterone levels

Endometrium is breaking down and sheds

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10
Q

In proliferative phase, after mense, the rising estrogen levels stimulate

A

The formation of new layer of endo

Blood vessles and glands supply the thickening endo

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11
Q

At late proliferatice phace endometrium measures up to ______ mm trilaminar

A

11mm

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12
Q

In the secretory phase, after the ovulation, increased levels of progesterone and estrogen prepare to accept ______ and what else occurs

A

Blastocyst

Further thickening of endo
Additional blood vessels develop
Uterine glands increase in size

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13
Q

In secretory phase the endometrium has what sonographic brightness

A

Hyperechoic

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14
Q

Basic endometrial cycle explained

A

If pregnancy doesnt happen - no hCG
Corpus luteum degenerates
Progesterone and estrogen levels decrease
Endometrium starts breaking dowm

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15
Q

Age of first endometrial changes

A

11-13

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16
Q

1st menstrual period called

A

Menarche

17
Q

The endometrial cycle can be absent with

A

Hormonal imbalances, BCP, hormone therapies

18
Q

Ovarian cycle divided into what 3 phases

A

Follicular
Ovulatory
Luteal

19
Q

3 basic series of events in ovarian cycle

A

Oocytes maturation
Ovulation
Release of mature ovum into fallopian tube

20
Q

What happens during Follicular phase

A

A group of primary follicles begin development (FSH)

As follicles mature they produce estrogen

Soon after one/two follicle becomes dominant
And starts to produce more estrogen

21
Q

What happens in Follicular phase to the rest of the follicles when one becomes dominant

A

They undergo atresia

22
Q

At the end of the Follicular phase the dominant follicle becomes_________ and move toward ______

A

Graafian follicle and moves toward the ovarian wall

23
Q

What happens in Ovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle

A

LH surge occurs
This causes follicular and ovarian wall to rupture
Ovulation occur and mature ovum get picked up by fimbriae

Mittelschmerz
Small amount of fluid in PCDS

24
Q

WHAT HAPPENS IN LUTEAL PHASE OF OVARIAN CYCLE to the graafian

A

Is collapses and forms into the corpus luteum

25
Q

The corpus luteum secretes mostly ______ and some _____

A

Mostly progesterone and some estrogen

26
Q

corpus luteum lasts ___-____ days unles

A

12-14 days unless it begins recieving hCG from gest sac

27
Q

Without fertilization of an egg the corpus luteum

A

Degenerates becoming the corpus albicans

This decreases progesterone levels

28
Q

The hormonal cycle involves the interactions of several hormones:

A

GnRH- gonadotropin-releasing hormone

FSH- follicle stimulating hormone
LH- luteinizing hormone
Estrogen
Progesterone

29
Q

Negative feedback loop of hormonal cycle

A

Increase levels of estrogen->inhibition of GnRH-> decreased levels of FSH and LH

30
Q

Positive feedback loop of hormonal cycle

A

Decreased levels of estrogen -> GnRH production in hypothalamus increased—> increased levels of FSH andLSH

31
Q

Target cells of GnRH

A

Anterior pituitary

32
Q

Major function of GnRH

A

Secretes hromones that control the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones

33
Q

Gonadotropic hormone major function

A

Stimulate gonads (gamete production and sex hormone secretion)

34
Q

FSH target cells

A

Ovarian follicles

35
Q

Major function of FSH

A

Promotes follicular growth and development

Stimulates estrogen production

36
Q

LH target cells

A

oVARIAN FOLLicles and corpus luteum

37
Q

LH major function

A 
stimulates:
 Ovulation
Corpus luteum development
Estrogen production 
Progesterone production

OB (23 decks)

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