O & I: Face and Neck Muscles

Question 1

Origin: Risorius

Answer 1

Parotid fascia & Buccal skin (highly variable)

Question 2

Insertion: Risoruis

Answer 2

Angle of mouth (modiolus)

Question 3

Action: Risorius

Answer 3

part of dilator of mouth; depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness)

Question 4

Origin: Zygomaticus Major

Answer 4

Lateral aspect of zygomatic bone

Question 5

Insertion: Zygomaticus Major

Answer 5

Angle of mouth (modiolus)

Question 6

Action: Zygomaticus Major

Answer 6

part of dilators of mouth; elevate labial commissure —

bilaterally to smile (happiness)

Unilaterally to sneer (disdain)

Question 7

Origin: Mentalis

Answer 7

body of mandible (anterior to roots of inferior incisors)

Question 8

Insertion: Mentalis

Answer 8

skin of chin (mentolabial sulcus)

Question 9

Action: Mentalis

Answer 9

elevates and protrudes lower lip; elevates skin of chin (showing doubt)

Question 10

Origin: Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 10

platysma and anterolateral body of mandible

Question 11

Insertion: Depressor Labii Inferioris

Answer 11

skin of lower lip

Question 12

Action: Depressor Labii Inferioris

Answer 12

part of dilators of mouth; retracts (depresses) and/or everts lower lip (pouting, sadness)

Question 13

Origin: Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 13

infra-orbital maxilla (canine fossa)

Question 14

Insertion: Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 14

Angle of mouth (modiolus)

Question 15

Action: Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 15

Part of dilators of mouth; widens oral fissure, as when grinning or grimacing

Question 16

Origin: Buccinator

Answer 16

mandible, alveolar process of maxilla, and alveolar part of mandible, pterygomandibular raphe

Question 17

Insertion: Buccinator

Answer 17

angle of mouth (modiolus); orbicularis oris

Question 18

Action: Buccinator

Answer 18

presses cheek against molar teeth; works /c tongue to keep food btw occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule; resists distention (when blowing)

Question 19

Origin: Temporalis

Answer 19

triangular muscle /c broad attachment to floor of temporal fossa & deep surface of temporal fascia

Question 20

Insertion: Temporalis

Answer 20

narrow attachment to tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramps of mandible

Question 21

Innervation: Temporalis

Answer 21

anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via deep temporal branches

Question 22

Action: Temporalis

Answer 22

elevates mandible, closing jaws; posterior, more horizontal fibers are primary retractors of mandible

Question 23

Origin: Sternohyoid

Answer 23

manubrium of sternum

Question 24

Insertion: Sternohyoid

Answer 24

hyoid bone

Question 25

Innervation: Sternohyoid

Answer 25

ansa cervicali from cervical plexus (C1-C3)

Question 26

Action: Sternohyoid

Answer 26

fixes or depresses hyoid bone

Question 27

Origin: Omohyoid

Answer 27

scapula

Question 28

Insertion: omohyoid

Answer 28

hyoid bone

Question 29

Innervation: Omohyoid

Answer 29

ansa cervicali from cervical plexus (C1-C3)

Question 30

Action: Omohyoid

Answer 30

fixes or depresses hyoid bone

Question 31

Origin: Thyrohyoid

Answer 31

Thyroid cartilage

Question 32

Insertion: Thyrohyoid

Answer 32

hyoid bone

Question 33

Innervation: Thyrohyoid

Answer 33

C1 (via hypoglossal n. — CN XII)

Question 34

Action: Thyrohyoid

Answer 34

fixes or depresses hyoid bone

Question 35

Origin: Sternothyorid

Answer 35

manubrium of sternum

Question 36

Insertion: Sternothyroid

Answer 36

Thyroid cartilage

Question 37

Innervation: Sternothyroid

Answer 37

ansa cervicali from cervical plexus (C1-C3)

Question 38

Action: Sternothyroid

Answer 38

fixes or depresses hyoid bone

Question 39

Origin: Digastric

Answer 39

base of cranium

Question 40

Insertion: Digastric

Answer 40

Hyoid bone

Question 41

Innervation: Digastric

Answer 41

facial and mandibular nerves

Question 42

Action: Digastric

Answer 42

depresses mandible against resistance when infra hyoid muscles fix to depress hyoid bone

Question 43

Origin: Mylohyoid

Answer 43

medial body of mandible

Question 44

Insertion: Mylohyoid

Answer 44

hyoid bone

Question 45

Innervation: Mylohyoid

Answer 45

Mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Question 46

Action: Mylohyoid

Answer 46

depresses mandible against resistance when infra hyoid muscles fix to depress hyoid bone

Question 47

Origin: Masseter

Answer 47

Quadrate muscle attaching to inferior border and medial surface of maxillary process of zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch

Question 48

Insertion: Masseter

Answer 48

Angle and lateral surface of ramps of mandible

Question 49

Innervation: Masseter

Answer 49

Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via masseteric nerve

Question 50

Action: Masseter

Answer 50

elevates mandible, closing jaws; superficial fibers make limited contribution to protrusion of mandible

Question 51

Origin: Longus Capitis

Answer 51

Basilar part of occipital bone

Question 52

Insertion: Longus Capitis

Answer 52

Anterior tubercles of C3-C6 transverse processes

Question 53

Innervation: Longus Capitis

Answer 53

Anterior rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves

Question 54

Action: Longus capitis

Answer 54

flex head

Question 55

Origin: Longus Colli

Answer 55

Anterior tubercle of C1 vertebra (Atlas); bodies of C1 - C3 and transverse processes of C3 - C6 vertebrae

Question 56

Insertion: Longus Colli

Answer 56

Bodies of C5 - T3 vertebrae; transverse processes of C3-C5 vertebrae

Question 57

Innervation: Longus Colli

Answer 57

anterior rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves

Question 58

Action: Longus Colli

Answer 58

flexes neck /c rotation (torsion) to opposite side if acting unilaterally

Question 59

Origin: Geniohyoid

Answer 59

inferior mental spine of mandible

Question 60

Insertion: Geniohyoid

Answer 60

body of hyoid

Question 61

Innervation: Geniohyoid

Answer 61

C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 62

Action: Geniohyoid

Answer 62

Pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth; widens pharynx