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FUNDAMENTALS > Nutrition/Medication Administration > Flashcards

Nutrition/Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

What are the assessments of nutritional status?

A 
Nursing History
Diet History
Measurements
Lab Data
  -CBC(complete blood count)
  -transferrin level = proteins available to bind & carry iron
  -albumin, globulin, total protein
  -BUN(blood urea nitrogen)  
  -Creatinine= reflects muscle metabolisma
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2
Q

What is parenteral feeding/TPN(total parental nutrition)?

A

Unable to use gut

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3
Q

TPN must be given via?

A

Central line

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4
Q

What veins are used?

A

Subclavian or jugular

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5
Q

TPN can give hypertonic solutions containing what?

A

Glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, and lipids

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6
Q

Glass bottles are used for what in TPN?

A

Amino Acids: Make sure fluid is not cloudy

Lipids: can be run peripherally or piggyback with TPN

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7
Q

If IV infiltrates or TPN is discontinued, hang what?

A

10% Dextrose IV Bag

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8
Q

What are some nursing cares for TPN?

A 
Suddenly stopping causes hypoglycemia
2 RNs must check solution prior to hanging
Monitor Blood Glucose q6h
Strict Sterile Technique
Inspect for particulate
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9
Q

What are the assessments of TPN?

A

Line is sterile & functioning
Check IV Site and for oily layer
Only by IV not gravity
Hypoglycemia if turned off

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10
Q

What is enteral feeding?

A

Into GI tract via use of the gut

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11
Q

What are the types of tubes in enteral feeding?

A

NG tube
DobHoff Tube
Gastrosomy or PEG tube
Jejunostomy or J-tube

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12
Q

Indications for enteral feeding?

A 
Respiratory failure
Head/Neck/Upper GI cancer
Neuro disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inadequate oral intake
Dysphagia/Aspiration- check residuals q4h, raise bed 30 degrees
Diarrhea/Dehydration
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13
Q

SL

A

sublingual

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14
Q

IV

A

intravenous

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15
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

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16
Q

PO

A

By mouth

17
Q

ODP

A

Orally disintegrating tablet

18
Q

PRN

A

As needed

19
Q

HS

A

At bedtime

20
Q

Types of medication orders

A 
Routine
Standing Orders(prewritten by MD)
PRN
Single
STAT
Discharge prescriptions
21
Q

Intradermal(aspirating)

A 
Used for Skin testing(TB, Allergy)
Potent meds used- slow absorption in dermis
Insert bevel up, bleb should appear
Common Sites:
 - forearms
 -chest
 -back
22
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Given in loose connective tissue under dermis
Decreased absorption dude to decreased blood supply
45-90 degrees
Do NOT need to aspirate

23
Q

Intramuscular (deep into body of a muscle)

A

10-20 minute absorption
Max of 3 mL in large muscle. feel for bony landmarks to find site. Aspirate to assure not a vessel
Sites:
-away from nerves, bones, large vessels, scars or bruises

24
Q

Needle size Length

A

Length (<1 inch. up to 2 inches) SQ vs. IM; site (muscle size)

25
Q

Needle gauge

A

smaller gauge is large size; large gauge is smaller size

26
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

often used in PEDIATRICS

Landmark: Between hip and knee outer side

27
Q

Ventrogluteal

A

Away from major nerves and blood vessels

Landmark: Hip. Thumb facing belly button

28
Q

Deltoid

A

Use for small medications, 1 mL or less
NOT always developed in in adults
Potential for injury
Landmark: 2 inches below acromion process

29
Q

Z trach method

A

Decrease skin irritation from medications
Move skin aside
Recommended for IM injections

30
Q

Role of the Pharmacy

A
  1. Stock Med Rooms
  2. Enter Med orders into computer MAR(medical administration record)
  3. Dispensing
    - correct med
    - proper dosage
    - accurate label
  4. Watch for:
    - allergies
    - drug interactions
    - toxicity
    - compatibility
31
Q

Role of Prescriber

A
  1. order is transmitted by nurse
  2. computer physician order entry
  3. verbal orders
  4. telephone orders
  5. read back policy
  6. NURSING STUDENTS CANNOT TAKE ORDERS. CAN ONLY GIVE NEWLY ORDERED MEDS VERIFIED BY RN.
32
Q

Role of Nurse

A 
ASSESMENT
Patient 
History 
Allergies
Current Medication
Diet History
Patient Deficits
Present Condition
Attitude of meds
Knowledge and learning needs
Height &amp; Weight
33
Q

5+5 Rights of Medication

A 
Right Patient
Drug 
Dose 
Time
Route
Assessment 
Documentation 
Educate
Evaluation
To Refuse
34
Q

6 rights of medication administration

A

Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Documentation

35
Q

Medication Errors

A 
NOT given as ORDERED
NOT APPROPRIATE for patient
NOT accurate DOCUMENTATION
IV med. given at WRONG RATE
WRONG DOSE of med. give
INCORRECT TIME
NOT LABELED properly

FUNDAMENTALS (15 decks)

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