Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FUNDAMENTALS > Lab Values and Diagnostics > Flashcards

Lab Values and Diagnostics Flashcards

1
Q

Divisions of Clinical Lab

A

Chemistry
Hematology
Microbiology
Blood Bank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CBC (Complete Blood Count)

Hematology

A

WBC Count
Hemoglobin
Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BMP (Basic Metabolic Panel)

Chemistry

A

Sodium, Potassium, Creatinine, Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CMP (Complete Metabolic Panel)

Chemistry

A

Sodium, Potassium, Creatinine, Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Microbiology

A

Sputum gram stain
Sputum Culture and Sensitivity
Pleural Fluid culture and sensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Blood Bank

A

Blood Typing and storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

WBC/Leukocyte Life Span, Norma and Critical Values, Action

A

Life Span: 13-20 days
Normal Values: 5,000-10,000
Critical Values: <2,000 or >40,000mm3
Fight infections through phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Granulocytes (WBC)

A

Neutrophils: 55-70%
-Bands: 3-5%
Eosinophils: 1-4%
Basophil: .5-1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Agranulocytes (WBC)

A

Lymphocytes: 20-40%
Monocytes: 2-8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bands

A

Immature Neutrophils. Make up < 5% of circulating neutrophils normally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a “left shift”?

A

Increase in number of bands. Common with acute infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of neutrophils?

A

Locate, Ingest, and kill bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

High WBC count term and causes

A

Leukocytosis/Neutrophilia

Causes: Infection, trauma, stress, inflammation, tissue necrosis, leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Low WBC count term and causes

A

Leukopenia/Neutropenic

Drug toxicity, chemo, bone marrow failure, infection, dietary or immunodeficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Interpreting CBC

A
  • What is total WBC?
  • If elevated over 11,000, what type of WBC is the culprit?
  • Marked leukocytosis is usually due to neutrophils or lymphocytes
  • If neutrophils are causing leukocytosis, compare neutrophil % to WBC
  • The % of neutrophil indicates the severity of infection. The total WBC reflects the quality of the immune system.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

RBC normal values in MEN

A

4.7-6.1 million mm3
Hemoglobin: 14-18
Hematocrit: 42-52%

17
Q

RBC normal values in WOMEN

A

4.2-5.4 million mm3
Hemoglobin: 12-16
Hematocrit: 37-47%

18
Q

High RBC count (term and define, causes)

A

Polycythemia
Thick blood
Living at high altitudes, chronic lung disease with hypoxia, some drugs.
May lead to dehydration, excessive exercise, anxiety, pain

19
Q

Low RBC count (term and causes)

A

Anemia

Pregnancy, decreased bone marrow production, over hydration, some drugs

20
Q

Rule of Three

A 
Useful to detect error in HBG, HCT, and RBC count
GOLD STANDARD: 
RBC 5 million
HGB 15 gm
HCT 45%
21
Q

Normal Platelet Count, Life span

A

150,000-400,000 mm3

Life span is 10 days

22
Q

What is Thrombocytopenia?

A

Low platelet count can cause excessive bleeding. Common with use of heparin(HIT- heparin induced thrombocytopenia, bone marrow disease, liver failure, and sepsis

23
Q

What is Thrombocythemia? Causes of it?

A

High platelet count.

Causes: iron deficiency, anemia, rheumatoid arthritis

24
Q

What med is regulated by Prothrombin time (PT)?

A

Coumadin.
Normal findings depend on reagents used
11.0-12.5 seconds

25
Q

What med is regulated by Partial Thromboplastin time (PTT)?

A

Assessing the intrinsic system
Normal Findings 30-40 seconds
Patient receives anticoagulant therapy 1.5-2.5 times the control value in seconds.

26
Q

Describe INR (international normalized ratio)

A

Measure the time it takes for blood to clot and compares it to an average
Healthy People= 0.8-1.1
On anticoagulants: 2.0-3.0
Atrial fibrillation/ Mechanical Heart Valves: 3.0-4.0

27
Q

Sodium* Value

A

136-145 mEq/L

28
Q

Potassium* Value

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

29
Q

Blood Sugar(Glucose)* Value

A

70-110 mg/dl

30
Q

Chloride Value

A

98-106 mEq/L

31
Q

Hemoglobin A1C

A

4-5.9%

32
Q

BUN

A

10-20 mg/dl

33
Q

Creatinine(serum)

A

0.5-1.1 mg/dl

34
Q

Albumin

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/dl

35
Q

Calcium (serum)

A

9.0-10.5 Total

36
Q

Phosphorus

A

2.7-4.6 mg/dl

37
Q

Magnesium

A

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

38
Q

Amylase

A

60-120 u/dl

FUNDAMENTALS (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions