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Biochemistry > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

This refers to either nutrient deficiency (undernutrition) or nutrient excesses (over nutrition)

A

Malnutrition

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2
Q

Distribution of total energy expenditure.

A

Basal metabolic rate (60-75%) > Physical Activity (15-30%) > Thermic effect (5-10%)

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3
Q

AA deficient in people with gluten free diet.

A

Tryptophan

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4
Q

AA serving as source of nitric oxide in the body.

A

Arginine

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5
Q

This refers to constituents of food necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body.

A

Nutrition

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6
Q

Identify the first step in the treatment of malnutrition.

A

Nutritional Status Assessment

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7
Q

What are the 4 methods in nutritional assessment?

A
  1. Anthropometric assessment
  2. Biochemical assessment
  3. Clinical assessment
  4. Dietary assessment

(ABCD)

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8
Q

What refers to the measurement of the variations of the physical dimensions and gross composition of the human body at different age levels & degrees of nutrition?

A

Anthropometric Assessment

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9
Q

What are the anthropometric measurements?

A
  1. Weight
  2. Height
  3. BMI
  4. Body circumference ( arm, waist, hip, calf)
  5. WHR ( Waist to Hip Ratio)
  6. Elbow amplitude
  7. Knee-heel length
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10
Q

True or False. Flag sign is seen in Marasmus.

A

False.
A peculiar change in hair becomes discolored in a band perpendicular to its long access. This is seen in Kwashiorkor and indicates a period of severe malnutrition.

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11
Q

What is the best indicator for wasting?

A

Weight for height / length

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12
Q

What is the best indicator for stunting?

A

Height/ Length for Age

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13
Q

This is an inexpensive and easy screening method for weight categorization.

A

Body Mass Index

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14
Q

This is the ethnic-specific cut point values for waist circumference or abdominal obesity in a chinese man.

A

Men :>90cm

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15
Q

According to WHO, abdominal obesity is defined when the waist-hip ratio is?

A

Men >0.90
Woman >0.85

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16
Q

This is the average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet the requirement of 50% of the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and sex?

A

Estimated Average Requirement

17
Q

This is the average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the requirements of nearly all (97-98%) individuals in a particular life stage and sex group?

A

Recommended Dietary Allowance

18
Q

What are examples of Nutrients without EAR and / or RDA?

A
  1. Manganese
  2. Flouride
  3. Chromium
  4. Vitamin K
  5. Pantothenic acid
  6. Biotin
    7.Choline

(Mang FC Ka, Pa Biot Cho)

19
Q

How much is 1kcal in kiloJoules?

A

1kcal =4.2kj

20
Q

This refers to the energy expanded by an individual in a resting , postabsorptive state.

A

Resting Metabolic Rate

21
Q

This is also known as diet-induced thermogenesis.

A

Thermic effect of food

22
Q

Differentiate Resting Metabolic Rate vs Basal Metabolic Rate.

A

RMR
1. Conducted in less restrictive conditions 10% higher than BMR
BMR
1. Conducted in more restrictive conditions
2. Requires 8hrs of sleep in a darkened room before testing
3. Requires 12hour of fasting before testing
5. More accurate and more preferred by physicians but more harder to conduct

23
Q

These are quantitatively the most important class of dietary fats.

A

Triacylglycerol

24
Q

Identify the fatty acids whose hydrocarbon chains do not contain any double bonds.

A

Saturated Fatty Acids

25
Q

What type of fatty acids are generally seen in Mediterranean diet (rich in olive oil)?

A

Monounsaturated fatty acids

26
Q

The adequate intake for dietary fiber in women? In men?

A

25g/day for women
38g/day for men

27
Q

This provides a method to balance intakes of poorer-quality proteins with high-quality dietary proteins.

A

Protein digestibility corrected amino acid score

28
Q

Associated with a negative nitrogen balance.

A

Consuming a high protein diet

29
Q

This measures protein quality by calculating the nitrogen used for tissue formation divided by the nitrogen absorbed from food.

A

Biological value

30
Q

This measures protein quality by calculating the nitrogen used for tissue formation divided by the nitrogen ingested.

A

Net Protein Utilization

31
Q

This determines the efficiency of a protein through the measurement of animals growth (rats)

A

Protein Efficiency Ratio

32
Q

What hormone initiates ductal development?

A

Estrogen

33
Q

What hormone is responsible for differentiation of epithelium and for lobular development?

A

Estrogen

34
Q

Which has a higher protein concentration?
Colostrum or Mature Milk?

A

Colostrum

35
Q

Secretion of colostrum by the alveolar cells of the breast begins in the _______ week of pregnancy.

A

12th-16th

36
Q

Identify the H+ driven metal transporter with a principal role in iron transport and is responsible for iron uptake from the gut and transport from endosomes.

A

Divalent Metal Transporter 1

37
Q

Human body can store up to _________ gram/s of iron, majority of which is bound to apoferritin

A

1 gram

38
Q

Nine components of 2018 ENNS

A
  1. Socioeconomic Survey
  2. Anthropometric Survey
  3. Biochemical Survey
  4. Clinical and Health Survey
  5. Dietary Survey
  6. Maternal Health & Nutrition
  7. Infant and Young Child Feeding Practice Survey
  8. Food Security Survey
  9. Government Program Participation Survey

Biochemistry (19 decks)

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