Nutrigenomics

Question 1

Nutrigenomics

Answer 1

the study of the interaction of nutrition and genes, especially with regard to the prevention or treatment of disease

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

Gene ―made up of DNA, our physical unit of heredity.

Question 3

Trait

Answer 3

Trait ― an inherited characteristic such as shyness.

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

Allele ― a variant form of a gene responsible for the variation in which a trait can be expressed, e.g., eye colour

Question 5

Phenotype

Answer 5

Phenotype ― how genetic and environmental influences come together to create physical appearance and behaviour

Question 6

Genomics

Answer 6

Genomics ― the study of genes. Determines how they interact and influence biological pathways, networks, and physiology

Question 7

DNA

Answer 7

Every cell nucleus contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, made up of DNA.

• DNA contains our genetic 1 Nucleotide information and is made of two paired ‘nucleotide’ chains (the ‘double helix’).
• Each nucleotide contains a deoxyribose (sugar), a phosphate group, and one of four bases ― A (adenine), C (cytosine), T (thymine) or a G (guanine).
• DNA is ‘transcribed ‘into RNA which is translated into a protein from amino acids. This process determines property, function and shape of the resulting protein.