NutrIENT ANALYSIS Flashcards
Fecal bag
Collection for urine and fecal matter
esophageal collection
collected what they ate
What does rumination fermentation produce and what happens when all of the rumen is removed?
Fermentation produces heat, and when the rumen is removed the ruminant animal will freeze.
What are the 4 parts of the stomach in a ruminant?
rumen, reticulum, omasum abomasum
in vivo
testing with living subjects such as animals, plants, or cells. ex: fecal bag/ crate
in vitro
testing done outside a living organism. ex: test tubes
In sacco
Is the artificial bag technique, ex: nylon bags
Why are most research fecal palates done on steers?
They are done mainly on steers because if it was done on heifers it would not only collect fecal matter but urine as well due to the position of the urethra
in fimo
samples derived from human and animal excrement and examined carefully
What ways can you research and measure digestibility
In vivo, In vitro, and In situ
what type of acid is in bird manure
uric acid
what are kittens very particular about and why?
Kittens are very particular about their mouth therefore they have a hard time with kibbles
what does the ileal canola measure
it measures the small intestine digestibility
what does cecal canola measure
measures cecal digestibility
What are 2 gender factors in research?
only using males and their response to caretakers in research
What type of assays are used for B vitamins?
Animal assays
High performance liquid chromatography
reveals amino acids, sugars, vitamins and more
Who were Lulu and Nana and what were they resistant to?
They were CRISPR twins that’s genes were manipulated to be HIV resistant
When do eggs flash and what do they release?
They flash when they meet sperm enzyme and release zinc and fluourecence
What does the scanning electron microscopy do?
it electron beams scan surface
What does the transmission electron microscopy scan
scan through sample
What is the overall process of digestion
it is to reduce food to a molecular size or solubility that will allow for absorption
What is the overall process of absorption
Take small molecules through GI tract to blood or lymph
What are the traditional digestive tracts
Monogastric, ruminant and avian
What are the different digestive systems
Carnivore, omnivore, herbivore ( foregut, handgun, and cecal fermentor)
What do you need to do to meet mental and physical needs
need to encourage natural eating behaviors ex: rotting carcasses on floor and getting vultures to eat
Examples of carnivores
hyena, pallas cat
what are piscivorous animals
Animals that are fish eater like California sea lions
One of the largest snakes in the world
Burmese Python, decreased population
Difference between alligators and crocodile
Alligators are fresh water reptiles and crocodiles are salt water reptiles
Sanquivore
animal that consumes blood, ex: vampire bat
Neophobia
Animals adapt to captive diet and have a decreased aversion to new foods
What animal is most like humans and is an omnivore?
Swine
Different types of herbivores
foregut fermentor
hindgut fermentor
cecal fermentor
order of cattle digestive system
esophagus, reticulum, rumen, omasum, abomasum, SI,LI, etc
Kangaroos have two stomach parts
sacciform and tubiform
Merycism and its loss
mercycism is rumination in foregut fermentor, no methane loss as they burp out hydrogen
what are llamas digestive system
pseudo ruminant
