Nucleic acids

Question 1

What is gene expression?

Answer 1

DNA—->RNA——>Protein

Question 2

Types of nucleic acids

Answer 2

1)Deoxyribose nucleic acid
2)Ribose nucleic acid

Question 3

Monomer of nucleic acid is

Answer 3

nucleotide

Question 4

Function of DNA

Answer 4

stores genetic information

Question 5

Nucleotide contains _____ ,______ and ______

Answer 5

Pentose sugar
Nitrogen base
Phosphate gp

Question 6

How polynucleotide are formed?

Answer 6

by joining sugar(3’C) to phosphate (5’C) of two nucleotides

Question 7

Bonds in polynucleotide and is formed by _____ reaction

Answer 7

Phosphodiester bond

condensation (removal of water)

Question 8

Types of nitrogenous base

Answer 8

Purine base
1)Adenine
2)Guanine

Pyrimidine base
1)Cytosine
2)Thymine
3)Uracil

Question 9

When a nucleoside loses phosphate gps,it becomes _____

Answer 9

nucleoside(sugar+base)

Question 10

Structure of pyrimidine

Answer 10

one six membered ring

Question 11

Structure of Purine

Answer 11

Six membered ring fused to five membered ring

Question 12

Which is larger? Purine or pyrimidine?

Answer 12

Purine

Question 13

Which is larger?Purine or pyrimidine?

Answer 13

Purine

Question 14

DNA nucleotide contains

Answer 14

1)Deoxyribose sugar
2)Nitrogenous base (A,G,C,T)
3)Phosphate gp

Question 15

RNA nucleotide contains

Answer 15

1)ribose sugar
2)nitrogenous base (A,G,C,U)
3)Phosphate gp

Question 16

Why DNA strand is called 5’ 3’ strand?

Answer 16

b/c phosphodiester bond is formed between phosphate gp of 3’carbon and sugar gp of 5’carbon

Question 17

Phosphate gp is attached to nucleoside by _____ end

Answer 17

5’

Question 18

DNA is single or double strand?

Answer 18

double strand

Question 19

Two strands of DNA nucleotides are joined by _____ bond between ______

Answer 19

hydrogen

nitrogenous base

Question 20

Why DNA strands are called antiparallel?

Answer 20

1st strand of DNA is 5’ 3’ and 2nd strand is 3’5’

The nitrogenous base are complementary to each other

Question 21

In DNA,Adenine is joined to ______

Answer 21

Thymine (2 hydrogen bond)

Question 22

In DNA,Guanine is joined to ____

Answer 22

cytosine (3 hydrogen bond)

Question 23

In DNA helix, ____ are outside and ____ are inside

Answer 23

sugar phosphate backbone outside

nitrogenous base inside

Question 24

What is difference b/w sugar of DNA and RNA?

Answer 24

DNA-deoxyribose sugar
RNA-ribose sugar

In RNA , OH gp is present in 2nd carbon

Question 25

In RNA,Adenine is joined to ____

Answer 25

uracil instead of thymine (2 hydrogen bond)

There is no thymine in RNA

Question 26

In RNA,cytosine is joined to ____

Answer 26

guanine (3 hydrogen bond)

Question 27

Types of RNA

Answer 27

1)messenger RNA -mRNA
2)ribosomal RNA-rRNA
3)transfer RNA- tRNA

Question 28

All of the RNA are synthesized in ____ & and functions in _____

Answer 28

nucleus (rRNA-nucleolus)

cytoplasm

Question 29

In eukaryote,one mRNA is coded for one protein.

True or false?

Answer 29

True

Question 30

In prokaryotes,one mRNA is coded for one protein.

True or false?

Answer 30

False

one mRNA is coded for different proteins

Question 31

Function of mRNA

Answer 31

protein synthesis
(DNA transcribes genetic information into mRNA which is leaves by nuclear pores)

Question 32

Function of rRNA

Answer 32

binds with protein to form RIBOSOME

Question 33

Function of tRNA

Answer 33

carried genes from codon to ribosome