nouns Flashcards
stem for 1st group
a
stem for 2nd group
o
1st group, singular
a, a, am, ae, ae, a (feminine)
1st group, plural
ae, ae, as, arum, is, is (feminine)
2nd group, singular (masculine)
us/er, us/er, um, i, o, o
2nd group, plural (masculine)
i, i, os, orum, is, is
2nd group, singular (neuter)
um, um,um, i, o, o
2nd group, plural (neuter)
a, a, a, orum, is, is
Third group masculine singular
–, em, is, i, e
Third group feminine singular
–, em, is, i, e
Third group masculine plural
es, es (is), um (ium), ibus, ibus
For i stems
Third group feminine plural
es, es (is), um (ium), ibus, ibus
For i stems
Third group neuter singular
–, –, is, i, e (i)
For i stems
Third group neuter plural
a (ia), a (ia), um (ium), ibus, ibus
For i stems
Third groups are i stems if
Nominative and genitive have the same amount of syllables
The stem of the noun ends in two consonants, unles the second consonant is an l or r (pater, mater
The nominative singular of a neuter noun ends in e, al, ar (ablative singular -i, nominative/accusative plural -ia)
Vis singular
Force, power
Vis, vim, –, –, vi
Vis plural
Strength
Vires, vires/viris, virium, viribus, viribus
‘This’ singular masculine
Hic, hunc, huius, huic, hoc
‘This’ singulR feminin
Haec, hanc, huius, huic, hac
‘This’ singular neuter
Hoc, hoc, huius, huic, hoc
‘This’ plurAl masculine
Hi, hos, horum, his, his
‘This’ plural feminine
Hae, has, harum, his, his
‘This’ plural neuter
Haec, haec, horum, his, his
‘That’ masculine singular
Ille, illum, illius, illi, illo
‘That’ feminine singular
Illa, illam, illius, illi, illa
‘That’ neuter singular
Illud, illud, illius, illi, illo
‘That’ masculine plural
Illi, illos, illorum, illis, illis
‘That’ feminine plural
Illae, illas, illarum, illis, illis
‘That’ neuter plural
Illa, illa, illorum, illis, illis
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ masculine singular
Is, eum, eius, ei, eo
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ feminine singular
Ea, eam, eius, ei, ea
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ neuter singular
Id, Id, eius, ei, eo
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ masculine plural
Ei/ii, eos, eorum, eis/iis, eis/iis
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ femninie plural
Eae, eas, earum, eis/iis, eis/iis
UnEmphatic ‘this’ or ‘that’ neuter plural
Ea, ea, eorum, eis/iis, eis/iis
First/second person pronoun singular
Ego, me, mei, mihi, me
Tu, te, tui, tibi, te
First/second person pronoun plural
Nos, nos, nostrum/nostri, nobis, nobis
Vos, vos, vestrum/vestri, vobis, vobis
Ego, tu
I, you
Me, te
Me, you
By/from/with/in me, you
Mei, tui
Of me/you
Mihi, tibi
To/for me
Nos, vos
We, you
Nos, vos
Us, you
Nostrum, vestrum
Of us,you
Nostri, vestri
Of us,you
Nobis, vobis
To/for us, you
By/from/with/in us, you
Reflexive meaning
Pronoun refers to the subject of its own clause
Same person and thing
Third person (reflexive)
Himself, herself, itself, themselves
–, se, sui, sibi, se
Possessive adjectives 1st
Meus mea meum =my
Noster, nostra, nostrum =our
Possessive adjectives 2nd
Tuus, tua, tuum= your
Vester, vestra, vestrum =your
Possessive adjectives 3rd
Suus, sua, sum (singular/plural) -only ever reflexive
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom”
Masculine singular
Qui, quem, cuius, cui, quo
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom
Feminine singular
Quae, quam, cuius, cui, qua
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom”
Neuter singular
Quod, quod, cuius, cui quo
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom”
Masculine plural
Qui, quos, quorum, quibus, quibus
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom”
Feminine plural
Quae, quas, quarum, quibus, quibus
Relative pronoun “who” “which” “whom”
Neuter plural
Quae, quae, quorum, quibus, quibus
Interrogative pronoun masculine/feminine
Quis, quem, cuius, cui, quo
Interrogative pronoun neuter
Quid, quid, cuius, cui, quo
Fourth declension masculine/feminine singular
Us, um, us, ui, u
Fourth declension masculine/feminine plural
Us, us, uum, ibus, ibus
Fourth declension neuter singular
u, u, us, ui, u
Fourth declension neuter plural
Ua, ua, uum, ibus, ibus
Fifth declension nouns (mainly feminine) singular
Es, em, ei, ei, e
Fifth declension nouns (mainly feminine) plural
Es, es, erum, ebus, ebus
Present indicative for eo, ire, ivi (ii), itus
Eo, is, it, imus, itis, eunt
Present subjunctive for eo, ire, ivi (ii), itus
Eam, eas, eat, eamus, eatis, eant
Imperfect indicative for eo, ire, ivi (ii), itus
Inam, ibas, ibat, ibamus, ibatis, ibant
Future indicative for eo, ire, ivi (ii), itus
Ibo, ibis, ibit, ibimus, ibitis, ibunt
Present participle of eo, ire, ivi (ii), itus
Iens, euntis
Active imperative singular
a/e/e/i
Infinitives minus re
Active imperative plural
Ate/ete/ite/ite
Exceptions in the imperative of third declension
Singular: Dic! Duc! Fac! Fer!
Plural:dicite! Ducite! Facite! Ferte!
Passive singular imperative
Same as the present active infinitive
Are/ere/ere/ire
Plural imperative passive
Present passive indicative 2nd,pers,plur
-mini
Negative imperative singular
Two ways
Noli + present infinitive
Ne + present/perfect sunjunctive
Negative imperative plural
Two ways
Nolite + present infinitive
Ne + present/perfect subjunctive
Vocative different from nominative in
Second declension Nouns ending in -us
Have a vocative singular in -e
Second declension Nouns ending in -ius
Have a vocative singular in -i
Meus has vocative singular mi
Infinitive as subject
Videre est credere
Libros legere bonum est
Scimus bonum esse libros legere
Infinitive is a neuter noun,
Often subjects of est
If modified by an adjective the adjective will be neuter
To see is to believe (seeing is believing)
To read books is good (reading books is good)
We know that to read books is good (we know that reading books is a good thing)
Male noun suffix
-tor added to the verb stem makes it a noun
Means “one who”
Inceptor = the one who begins, beginner Auditor = the one who hears, hearer
Female noun suffix
-trix added to the stem of a verb produces a noun
Means “one who”
Amatrix = one who loves, lover
Inventrix =one who finds, discoverer
Diminutives
Vowel + ulus/a/um Vowel + olus/a/um Culus/a/um Ellus/a/um Illus/a/um
“Made of” “belonging to”
Suffixes added to the stem of a noun (sometimes adjective)
Eus Ius Anus Enus Inus Eius Cus Ticus
“Pertaining to”
Added to the stem of a noun
Alis
Aris
Ilis
“Belonging to” (especially of time and place)
Ter (tris) Ester (estris) Timus Nus Urnus Ternus
