Notes On Personal Pronouns Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Reflexive vs personal pronouns

A

Reflexive pronoun is used after preposition to refer back to subject of sentence
Eg er hatte kein Geld bei sich

In Infinitive constructions without zu, reflexive pronoun refers to object of verb and non reflexive to subject of verb

Er hörte seinen Freund sich tadeln (the friend is blaming himself) vs er hörte seinen Freund ihm tadeln (friend is blaming him)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Third person pronoun vs prepositional adverb

A

General rule is prep adverb used for things and personal pronoun for people.

Es is not used after prepositions.

Preposition plus personal pronoun refers to individual persons
Du darfst nicht mit ihr spielen

With reference to specific things/thing, either can be used.

Prepositional adverb is used for groups of people and abstracts
Ich erwarte zehn Gäste, ‘darunter’ einige sehr alte Bekannte.

Prepositional adverb always used to refer to whole sentence.
Ihr Mann hat eine neue Stelle gekriegt. Darüber freut sie sich sehr.
This is used with verbs governing prepositions

If motion is involved, a separable prefix ‘hin’ or ‘her’ is used.

Außer, gegenüber, ohne and seit do not Form prepositional adverbs!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Use of es

A

Es is used as a formal subject in many impersonal constructions
Eg es regnet or in passive constructions such as es wurde in dieser Zeit viel gearbeitet

Es can be used as indeterminate subject with verbs sein and werden
Eg es wurde spät or es ist Mittag.

Es can be used as a dummy subject
Eg es ist ein Brief für sie da
Es can be used in this construction for any verb in German
Eg es sass eine alte Frau am Fenster

Es can be used to anticipate a following subordinate or infinite clause: es freut mich, dass du dein Examen bestanden hast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly