Notable figures: Identify and State the Significance

Question 1

George I

Answer 1

• Begins the Hanoverian Dynasty
• Ends the Stuart Period
• Ensures Protestant rule

Question 2

Thomas More

Answer 2

• Refused to pledge to Henry VIII in the Act of Supremacy
• Executed as a result
• Canonized in the Catholic Church

Question 3

Philip II of Spain

Answer 3

• Husband of Mary I
• The Epitome of why people didn’t want a Spanish king consort

Question 4

James II

Answer 4

• Tried to bring back Catholicism
• This sparked the Glorious Revolution

Question 5

Martin Luther

Answer 5

• Lead the protestant reformation, challenged the Catholic Church

Question 6

Anne Boleyn

Answer 6

• Mother of Elizabeth I
• Beheaded by Henry VIII

Question 7

Louis XIV

Answer 7

• Moral enemy of King William
• Set on expanding French power in Europe
• Set on dominating the Dutch Republic
• Symbol of Absolutist rule

Question 8

James I

Answer 8

• Father of Charles I
• Successor to Elizabeth I
• Started the Stuart line

Question 9

Henry VII

Answer 9

• Started the Tudor Dynasty
• Secured peace and stability after the Wars of the Roses

Question 10

Mary I

Answer 10

• Catholic queen of England
• Prosecuted non-Catholic dissenters
• Known as Bloody Mary by her opponents

Question 11

William Laud

Answer 11

• Imposed the Common Book of Prayer in England and Scotland
• Epitome of Arminianism

Question 12

George Villiers

Answer 12

• AKA Duke of Buckingham
• Charles I best friend
• Admiral of the Navy during the Cadiz disaster
• Assasinated by John Felton

Question 13

Catherine of Aragon

Answer 13

• First wife of Henry VIII
• Previously married to Arthur Tudor

Question 14

Mary II

Answer 14

• Wife of William I
• Co-ruled with William I
• Protestant

Question 15

Anne I

Answer 15

• Last Stuart monarch
• She supported the Act of Union 1707
• Very poor health, obese, and dies relatively young

Question 16

Charles II

Answer 16

• Restores the Stuart Monarchy in 1660
• Patron of the arts
• Coverts to Catholicism on his deathbed

Question 17

Charles Montagu

Answer 17

• Pioneered the Financial Revolution
• Created Funded National Debt and the Bank of England

Question 18

Cardinal Wolseley

Answer 18

• Royal almoner and advisor to Henry VIII
• Made his way up from nothing
• Ultimately stripped of all land by Henry for failing to secure him a marriage annulment with Catherine of Aragon

Question 19

Thomas Cromwell

Answer 19

• Chief minister to Henry VIII
• Spearheaded the English Reformation
• Secured Henry VIII’s marriage to Anne Boleyn
• Anne Boleyn HATED him
• Ultimately executed for treason by Henry for the Anne of Cleves debacle

Question 20

John Lilburne

Answer 20

• Most prominent Leveller
• Wrote “A Free Man’s Freedom Vindicated”

Question 21

Carlos II

Answer 21

• Last Habsburg Spanish Monarch
• Willed the Spanish throne to Phillipe d’Anjou ONLY if Phillipe renounces his claim to the French throne
• Carlos’ death precipitates the Spanish War of Succession