Normal Labor (Pt1)

Question 1

Def of Normal Labor

Answer 1

• Spontaneous expulsion of single, living, full term fetus, presented by vertex, through natural birth canal, ein reasonable time (3-24 hours), eout assistance ( except episiotomy or oxytocin drip) & eout complications to mother or fetus.

Question 2

Causes (Theories) of Onset of Labor

Answer 2

Question 4

Stages of Labor

Answer 4

Question 5

Duration of 1st Stage of Labor

Answer 5

• In nullipara: 10-16 hours.
• In multipara: 6-8 hours.

Question 6

Def of 2nd Stage of Labor

Answer 6

Stage of expulsion of fetus

Question 7

Duration of 2nd Stage of Labor

Answer 7

• In nullipara: 1-2 hours.
• In multipara: 0.5-1 hour.

Question 8

Phases of 2nd Stage of Labor

Answer 8

• Vaginal descent phase
• Perineal Phase
• After Expulsion of Head

Question 9

Crowning

Answer 9

Definition:
- Permanent distension of vaginal introitus by fetal head so that vulva appears like crown on head & head doesn’t recede in () contractions due to passage of BPD through pelvic outlet.

Importance:
- Natural test for pelvic outlet (if occurred → no contracted outlet).

Question 10

Def of 3rd Stage of Labor

Answer 10

Stage of separation, descent & expulsion of placenta & membranes.

Question 11

Duration of 3rd Stage of Labor

Answer 11

10-30 minutes in both nullipara & multipara.

Question 12

Phases of 3rd Stage of Labor

Answer 12

• Separation of placenta
• Descent of placenta
• Expulsion of placenta

Question 13

Signs of Separation of Placenta

Answer 13

Question 14

Restitution in Delivery of Head

Answer 14

Question 15

Restitution in Delivery of Head

• Def

Answer 15

• Movement to undo twist of head on trunk caused by internal rotation (as head rotates anteriorly while shoulders remain in oblique diameter).

Question 16

Restitution in Delivery of Head

• Direction & Degree

Answer 16

• In opposite direction of internal rotation to bring head at right angle to shoulders again.

Question 17

External Rotation in Delivery of Head

Answer 17

Question 18

External Rotation in Delivery of Head

• Def

Answer 18

• Movement that represents external manifestation of internal rotation of shoulders from oblique diameter of pelvic brim to A-P diameter of outlet.

Question 19

External Rotation in Delivery of Head

• Direction & Degree

Answer 19

• It is continuation of restitution & it is in the same direction (head rotates another 1/8 circle in the same direction of restitution → occiput becomes direct lateral in position facing maternal thigh).

Question 20

Diagnosis of Labor

• Prodormal Stage (Preparatory Stage)

Answer 20

• Lightening
• Pelvic Pressure Symptoms
• Vaginal Discharge
• False Labor Pains
• Shelving
• Ripening of Cervix

Question 21

Diagnosis of Labor

• 1st Stage (Onset of Labor)

Answer 21

• True Labor Pains
• Passage of Show
• Cervical Effacement & Dilatation
• Formation of Bag of Forewater

Question 22

Compare between True & False Labor Pains

Answer 22

Question 23

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 23

Question 24

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 24

Question 25

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 25

Question 26

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 26

Question 27

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 27

Question 28

Compare between True & False Labor Pains in terms of:

• Contractions
• Interval
• Changes in Cervix
• Membranes
• Response to analgesia
• Labor

Answer 28

Question 29

Diagnosis of Labor in 2nd Stage

Answer 29