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Psychiatry > Normal development > Flashcards

Normal development Flashcards

1
Q

3 factors influencing development

A

Constitutional ie genetics
Environmental
Disability

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2
Q

Problems in the child in the first year of life x5

A

Premature birth
Difficult delivery
Crying a lot
Difficult to console
Physical illness

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3
Q

Problems in the parent in the first year of life x5

A

Teenager
Single parent
Relationship problems
Little support
Stress

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4
Q

Cognitive skills acquired at end of 2nd year x2

A

Symbolic thinking
Object constancy

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5
Q

Problems in toddlers x5

A

ASD
Child abuse
Mild intellectual disability
Insecure attachment
Reactivate attachment disorder

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6
Q

Define intermodal perception

A

Integration of information from different senses

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7
Q

Describe the ages at which language develops x3

A

Wk 6- sounds
6M- babbling
10-12M - real language

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8
Q

Describe Bowlby’s attachment theory

A

Emotional and social development of an infant is shaped by their relationship with the primary caregiver

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9
Q

Describe the first form of communication in the 1st year of life

A

The reaction of the caregiver to the child’s crying or laughing

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10
Q

Describe a good enough mother according to Winnicott

A

One that makes active adaptation to the infants needs

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11
Q

Separation anxiety is marked by 2 things

A

Beginning of attachment
Beginning of fear of strangers

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12
Q

Characteristics of children’s behaviors x2

A

Urge to explore
Search for safety

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13
Q

Psychiatric disorders in the first year of life x2

A

ASD
Reactive attachment disorder

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14
Q

Define object constancy

A

The ability to retain a bond with a person or object despite how they may make you feel upset or angry

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15
Q

Describe inner representation and when it develops

A

Child can imagine that an object or person is somewhere else
18M

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16
Q

Describe some milestones that occur in toddlers x5

A

Walking around- 20M
Potty training- 31-37M
Differentiation of emotions
Self control of emotions and behaviors
Differentiation between self and others

17
Q

Psychiatric problems in toddlers x2

A

ASD and ID(mild forms)

18
Q

Attachment problems in parent child relationship in toddlerhood x2

A

Insecure attachment
Reactive attachment disorders

19
Q

Describe 2 characteristics of preoperational stage

A

Understands simple causal r/ships
Can sort objects within one dimension eg color or shape

20
Q

Describe social and emotional development in preschool children

A

Understand that their emotions do not always correspond to those of others but can’t yet put themselves in others shoes

21
Q

Describe the theory of mind that occurs in preschool children x2

A

Understand that others have their inner world with thoughts, feelings and wishes
Able to predict and understand behavior of others and draw conclusions

22
Q

Other aspects of social and emotional development in preschool children x4

A

Self image
Playing becomes more social
Ability to control fears and impulses
Development of moral sense, what is right and wrong

23
Q

Problems in preschool age x5

A

Bed wetting
Sleep disturbances
Aggressive behaviors
Pathological fears
Delay in language and speech

24
Q

Internal strategies to remember things x4

A

Repetition
Ordering
Giving meaning
Remembering in parts

25
Q

Describe metacognition

A

Awareness of one’s own processes of strengths and weakness
Thinking about one’s thinking

26
Q

Positive factors that promote cognitive development x5

A

Support
Education
Exchanging ideas with other children
Looking for a solution to a problem together
Learning experiences- homework and household tasks

27
Q

Describe some emotional and social developments of a school aged child x5

A

Self regulation
Stress tolerance
Moral development
Understands complex emotions
Broadening of social relationships

28
Q

Roles of family in child development x3

A

Provide food and safety
Offer guidance in developing skills
Educate on cultural values and society norms

29
Q

Parenting styles x4

A

Authoritarian
Authoritative
Permissive
Uninvolved

30
Q

Children’s emotional problems associated with parental separation x4

A

Aggression
Anxiety
Oppositional behavior
Problems in social functioning

31
Q

How do siblings help in development x3

A

Justice
Dealing with anger and aggression

32
Q

3 stages of adolescence

A

Puberty
Early and late adolescence

33
Q

Characteristics of cognitive development in adolescence x5

A

Abstract thinking
Better memory
Better selective attention
Capable of introspection
Ability to reason logically

34
Q

Describe how sleep cycle may be affected in adolescence x3

A

Sleep deprived > poor school performance > stress > sleep disturbances

35
Q

Define identity development

A

A belief of being an individual who is different from others

36
Q

Problems characteristic of adolescence x5

A

Depression
Antisocial behavior
Eating disorders
Experimenting with alcohol and drugs
Feelings of being worthless and hopeless

Psychiatry (27 decks)

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