Normal and Abnormal Parturition Flashcards
how to prepare the mare for birth?
- boost vaccines (4-6 weeks before)
-acclimate mare to handling if needed
-open caslick’s if needed
-assess nutritional status
combined thickness of uterus and placenta (CTUP) what is the rule of thumb??
1 mm per month of gestation; screening for placentitis and placental separation
what is a normal gestation lenght?
340 days plus or minus 20 days
what determines gestation length?
the foal with crowding stress –> cortisol in the mare increases oxytocin for uterine contractions and milk let down
name 3 signs of impending parturition.
vulvar elongation, loosening of perineal ligaments, udder development (waxing, hardening) dripping milk, change in foal orientation
issues with mares dripping milk or streaming?
loss of colostrum for foal concern
how to monitor the mare?
checking a few times in the night, video/webcams, positional devices, vulvar devices
should we induce horses into labor?
no; unless medically needed
what are the criteria for induction?
> 330 days of gestation, well developed udder, milk Ca above 200 ppm, relaxed cervix
risks of induction of labor?
often a dysmature foal
normal foaling positions?
anterior longitudinal position, heads and front legs extended
stage 1 of foaling?
repositioning of foal, ends with rupture of membranes, should like 1-24+ hours
stage 2 of foaling?
fetus passes into birth canal, lasts 15-30 minutes,
at what stage should the amnion be visible?
stage 2 about 5 min after membrane rupture
end of stage 2 of foaling?
mare rests, let cord break naturally
