Equine Nutrition

Question 1

horses travel ___ miles a day while grazing for ___ hours a day?

Answer 1

10miles, 14-18 hours

Question 2

the foregut is ____%

Answer 2

37%

Question 3

what is the most important nutrient?

Answer 3

water

Question 4

the two classes of carbs?

Answer 4

structural (fiber) and nonstructural (starches)

Question 5

fat is a ___ source?

Answer 5

cool-energy

Question 6

what are the water-soluble vitamins?

Answer 6

C and B-complez

Question 7

fat-soluble vitamins?

Answer 7

A D E K

Question 8

what is special about vitamin K?

Answer 8

synthesized in the hindgut

Question 9

can horses self-regulate mineral consumption?

Answer 9

no; only salt

Question 10

macrominerals?

Answer 10

Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, S

Question 11

microminerals?

Answer 11

Co, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn

Question 12

rank the 4 small grains?

Answer 12

oats, barley, wheat, rye

Question 13

forage fibrous alternatives?

Answer 13

soybean hulls, beet pulp, copra

Question 14

what are the major concerns for the mare?

Answer 14

energy and protein

Question 15

what are the 3 energy requirements for the mare?

Answer 15

first 8 mo gestation last 3 mo gestation and 0-4 mo lactation

Question 16

what are benefits for mares at a BCS of 6 for repro?

Answer 16

cycle earlier, pregnant faster, higher pregnancy rate, maintain pregnancy easily

Question 17

are there benefits for a BSC over 7?

Answer 17

no, increases baseline insulin and harms foals pancreas, spleen, etc

Question 18

why may a mare eat less during late gestation?

Answer 18

foal is taking up room

Question 19

how to feed a mare?

Answer 19

meet requirements, gradually increase grains, balance diet

Question 20

horse needs formula?

Answer 20

BW (kg) x constant= DE
constants:
average- 0.0333
min- 0.0303
elevated- 0.0363

Question 21

the NRC shows that pregnant mares requirements start when?

Answer 21

5 months

Question 22

average milk output in mares in early and late lactation?

Answer 22

early- 3 kg milk/100 kg BW
late- 2kg/ 100 kg BW

Question 23

obese mares will produce ___ milk

Answer 23

less