Equine Nutrition Flashcards
horses travel ___ miles a day while grazing for ___ hours a day?
10miles, 14-18 hours
the foregut is ____%
37%
what is the most important nutrient?
water
the two classes of carbs?
structural (fiber) and nonstructural (starches)
fat is a ___ source?
cool-energy
what are the water-soluble vitamins?
C and B-complez
fat-soluble vitamins?
A D E K
what is special about vitamin K?
synthesized in the hindgut
can horses self-regulate mineral consumption?
no; only salt
macrominerals?
Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, S
microminerals?
Co, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn
rank the 4 small grains?
oats, barley, wheat, rye
forage fibrous alternatives?
soybean hulls, beet pulp, copra
what are the major concerns for the mare?
energy and protein
what are the 3 energy requirements for the mare?
first 8 mo gestation last 3 mo gestation and 0-4 mo lactation
what are benefits for mares at a BCS of 6 for repro?
cycle earlier, pregnant faster, higher pregnancy rate, maintain pregnancy easily
are there benefits for a BSC over 7?
no, increases baseline insulin and harms foals pancreas, spleen, etc
why may a mare eat less during late gestation?
foal is taking up room
how to feed a mare?
meet requirements, gradually increase grains, balance diet
horse needs formula?
BW (kg) x constant= DE
constants:
average- 0.0333
min- 0.0303
elevated- 0.0363
the NRC shows that pregnant mares requirements start when?
5 months
average milk output in mares in early and late lactation?
early- 3 kg milk/100 kg BW
late- 2kg/ 100 kg BW
obese mares will produce ___ milk
less
