Neonatal Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
when should the umbilical dip occur?
within 30 min of cord breaking
what to do the umbilical dip with?
0.5% chlorohexidine, every 6 hours for the first 24 hours
what can occur if the stump is not cleaned properly and dried?
persistent/patent urachus
when should you call your vet for the well-foal checkup?
about 12 hours later for vitals and IgG snap test
types of enemas?
warm water, mineral oil, soap, name brands
a foal is premature if born when?
before 320 days of gestation
characteristics of premature foals?
fine, silky hair, floppy ears, lax tendons, domed forehead
what is a dysmature foal?
born on or after due date
signs of a dysmature foal?
smaller than usual, may look premature
caused by placental infections or other illnesses
what is the prognosis for a premature or dysmature foal?
fair to good
what is one of the most common causes of colic in newborns?
meconium impaction
meconium impaction is more likely when?
over 340 days of gestation
symptoms of meconium impaction?
straining/hunched appearance (kyphosis)
colic signs
fast HR and R rate
how to treat a meconium impaction?
pain mgt
enema
surgery
what is failure of passive transfer (FPT)?
foals considered immunocompetent but immunologically naive
IgG snap test 3 criteria and what they mean?
> 800 mg/dL = good to go
400-800 mg/dL = partial failure
<400 mg/dL complete failure
what percentage of foals experience low IgG levels?
25%
what to give a foal if they have partial or complete FPT?
plasma IV >1,200 mg/dL
6-12 hours after birth, the foal must consume how much colostrum?
1-3L
12 hours after birth colostrum does what?
begins to decline
24 hours after birth what happens with colostrum and the foal?
the foal’s small intestine cannot absorb antibodies
what is neonatal sepsis?
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
bacterial sepsis is ____ of foal mortality?
1/3th
main causes of bacterial sepsis?
E. coli and enterobacteriacea (60-70%)
