Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Action taken to prevent disease
Prophylaxis
Inflammation of brain and spinal cord
Encephalomyelitis/myeoleoncephalitis
Inflammation of brain
Encephalitis
Rabies
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (communicable)
Cause: virus
Vector: mammals
Vaccine: yes (inactivated)
Prognosis: fatal
Symptoms: behavioral changes, neurological impairment, paralysis,
2 forms of rabies are? which is most common in horses?
Dumb and manic
Dumb=most common
EEE/WEE
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (noncommunicable)
Cause: virus
Vector: mosquitoes
Vaccine: yes (inactivated)
Prognosis: WEE 20-40% mortality, EEE 75-95% mortality
Symptoms: fever, restlessness, depression, paralysis, aimlessness
Tetanus
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (noncommunicable)
Cause: neurotoxin in soil
Vector: (nothing listed)
Vaccine: yes (inactivated)
Prognosis: often fatal
Symptoms: muscular stiffness and spasm, membrane protrusion, sawhorse stance
West Nile Virus
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (noncommunicable)
Cause: virus
Vector: mosquito
Vaccine: yes (inactivated and recombinant with adjuvant)
Prognosis: 33% mortality rate
Symptoms: head pressing, teeth grinding, weakness, droopy lower lip, coma, colic, etc.
VEE
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (communicable)
Cause: virus
Vector: mosquitoes
Vaccine: yes (inactivated)
Prognosis: 50-70% mortality
Symptoms: fever, restlessness, nervous, depression, paralysis, etc.
EHV-1 and EHV-4
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: no (communicable -highly)
Cause: virus
Vector: respiratory secretions, vomited
Vaccine: yes (inactivated and modified live- which is given intranasally)
Prognosis: good for non-neurological
Symptoms: EHV-4: fever, nasal discharge, cough EHV-1 abortion and ataxia
When are broodmares vaccinated for EHV-1 and EHV-4?
5, 7, and 9 mo gestation; EHV-4 4-6 weeks prepartum
Equine influenza
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: no (communicable)
Cause: virtus
Vector: respiratory, fomite
Vaccine: yes (inactivated and modified live)
Prognosis: good for non-neurological
Symptoms: fever, nasal discharge, cough, anorexia, depression
Strangles
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (rarely and is communicable)
Cause: streptococcus equi subspecies. Equi
Vector: respiratory, secretions, fluid, fomite
Vaccine: yes (inactivated and modified live)
Prognosis: good for non-pupara hemorrhagica
Symptoms: fever, discharge, dysphasia, swollen and burst lymph nodes, edema
Causes of diarrhea?
Foal heat, rotavial, salmonella
Equine Infectious Anemia
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: no (noncommunicable)
Cause: virus
Vector: biting flies (horseflies)
Vaccine: no and no treatment
Prognosis: euthanasia or life quarantine required (200 yd from other equine)
Symptoms: fever, anemia, jaundice, fatigue, edema of abdomen and lower limbs
The test for EIA is called what and used for what?
Coggin’s Test done annually and is a blood test
Required for transport, showing, sales, auctions, etc.
What is the gold standard Coggin’s Test?
AGID
EPM
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vector:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: no (noncommunicable)
Cause: protozoa
Vector: opossum
Vaccine: no
Prognosis: requires treatment and 30% never recover
Symptoms: ataxia, spasticity, muscle atrophy, paralysis, seizures, head tilt, poor balance
Rain rot
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (rarely and is communicable
Cause: Dermatophilus Congolensis
Vaccine: no
Prognosis: good
Symptoms: hair loss, large crusty scabs, hair sticking and clumping, sensitivity to touch
Vesicular stomatitis
Zoonotic:
Cause:
Vaccine:
Prognosis:
Symptoms:
Zoonotic: yes (communicable)
Cause: virus
Vaccine: none approved
Prognosis: good
Symptoms: vesicles and stoma on tongue, teats, soles of hooves, coronary band; fever, hypersalivation, sloughing of tongue surface
