Non disjunction Flashcards
What is non disjunction?
Non disjunction is when there’s an extra, missing or structurally different chromosome
What does aneuploidy mean?
aneuploidy means 1 extra or 1 less chromosome from reproduction failture
What does polyploidy mean?
polyploidy means 3 or more of a chromosome, lenthal in humans
What are the 3 types of non disjunction?
The 3 types of non disjunction are:
1. change in chromosome structure
2. change in autosomal chromosomes
3. change in sex chromosomes
Whst are the types of changes to the chromosome structure?
The types of change to the chromosome structure are:
deletion
inversion
translocation
duplication
What is deletion in change of chromosome structure?
Deletion is deleting a part of the chromosome
What is inversion in change of chromosome structure?
Inversion is when a segment is in the same place but reversed
What is translocation in change of chromosome structure?
Translocation is when a part of a chromosome changes places with and other part of a chromosome
What is duplication in change of chromosome structure?
Duplication is when a part of the chromosome is duplicated
What is an example of a change in autosomal chromosomes?
Trisomy 21 (aka downs syndrome) is an example of an autosomal chromosome change in chromosomes
What is downs syndrome? (Trisomy 21)?
Trisomy 21- downs syndrome is when there is an extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes
What are the 3 changes in the number of sex chromosomes?
the 3 changes in sex chromosomes are:
1. turners syndrome
2. klinefelters syndrome
3. jacob’s syndrome
What is turners syndrome?
turners syndrome is when there is no secondary sex chromosome (XO). they’re female and infertile
What is Klinefelters syndrome?
Klinefelters syndrome is when there is an extra X chromosome (XXY). They’re male and infertile
What is jacobs syndrome?
jacobs syndrome is when there is an extra Y chromosome (XYY), They’re male.
