Mitosis and meiosis Flashcards
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the division of cells
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are a threadlike structure
What are sister chromatids?
Sister chromosomes Identical copies of chromatids joined together
What are homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes are 2 chromosomes in a pair 1 inherited from the mother and one from the father
What is a tetrad?
A tetrad is 4 chromosomes or 2 double chromosomes
What is a diploid cell?
A diploid double the amount of chromosomes (somatic, 46)
What is a haploid cell?
A haploid cell has half the amount of chromosomes (gametes, 23)
Somatic/ autosomal cells are ____?
Somatic/ Autosomal cells are not sex cells
Gamete cells are _____?
Gamete cells are sex cells
What is a karyotype?
A karyotype is a picture of all the chromosomes in order of biggest to smallest
What is crossing over?
crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between 2 chromosomes
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is when the cell divides twice
What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis?
mitosis
somatic cells
divides once
genetically identical
diploid (2n)
2 cells
meiosis
sex cells
divides twice
not genetically identical
haploid (n)
4 cells
What are 3 reasons for mitosis?
3 reasons for mitosis are:
1. growth
2. repair
3. reproduction
What are the phases of mitosis?
the 5 stages of mitosis are:
1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase
5. cytokinesis
