Non-diarrheal Diseases of Ruminants

Question 1

Actinobacillosis (Wooden tongue)

Answer 1

A. ligneiresii- commone inhabitant of bovine oral cavity
Rough feedstuffs predispose to infection
Oral wounds allow organism access to soft tissues

Question 2

Signs of Actinobacillosis (Wooden tongue)

Answer 2

Anorexia, dehydration, abnormal chewing, hypersalivation, enlarged firm tongue

Question 3

Dx of Actinobacillosis (Wooden tongue)

Answer 3

CS
Gram stain of aspirate/ bx (confirmatory) : gram- rods +/- sulfur granules

Question 4

Tx of Actinobacillosis (Wooden tongue)

Answer 4

Sodium iodide IV
PG or oxytetracycline

Question 5

Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)

Answer 5

Actinomyces bovis, common inhabitant of the oral cavity
Osteomyelitis of the jaw (mandible> maxilla)
Oral wound allows access to bony tissues

Question 6

Signs of Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)

Answer 6

Draining tracts (granulomatous abscess)
↓ appetite, abnormal/ difficulty chewing, WL, hypersalivation

Question 7

Dx of Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)

Answer 7

Gram stain of pus (gram +)

Question 8

Tx of Actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)

Answer 8

Sodium iodide + abx (PPG or oxytetra)
watch for signs of iodism: lacrimation, cough, anorexia, diarrhea, dandruff

Question 9

Abomasal Displacement

Answer 9

Displacement of the abomasum to the left or right side of the abdomen caused by excessive gas accumulation within the viscus

Question 10

LDA

Answer 10

Moderate to complete anorexia
↓ fecal production, milk production
Dehydration, acetone of breath
Ribs on left sprung out with depressed paralumbar fossa
LEFT SIDED PING

Question 11

Differentials for left sided ping

Answer 11

LDA, ruman tympany, pneumoperitoneum, rumen collapse, rarely physometra (gas distention of uterus)

Question 12

RDA

Answer 12

Same signs as LDA for simple displacement
Abomasal volvulus (RTA) leads to complete outflow
obstruction → sx emergency

Question 13

Signs associated with RTA

Answer 13

Sunken eyes (dehydration), loss of skin turgor, ↑ HR, weak/ thready pulse, abdominal distension, GI stasis, absent feces, cool periphery
RIGHT SIDED PING

Question 14

Differentials for right sided ping

Answer 14

RDA, RTA, cecal dilation/ volvulus, pneumoperitoneum, physometra, pneumorectum, spiral colon gas

Question 15

Clin path associated with LDA/RDA

Answer 15

Hypokalemia, hypochloridemia, met. alk., hypoglycemia, ketonemia/ ketonuria, paradoxical aciduria

Question 16

Clin path associated with RTA

Answer 16

Initially hypokalemia, hypochloridemia, met. alk.,
Progression: prerenal azotemia, met acid

Question 17

Risk factors for displacement of abomasum

Answer 17

Small feed particle size
concurrent periparturient dz: metritis, hypocalcemia, mastitis

Question 18

Tx of displaced abdomen

Answer 18

Non sx: rolling, roll and toggle, only roll cows with LDA
Sx: right or left paralumbar omentopexy, right ventral paramedian abomasopexy