NoAmountOfCoastalInterventionCanHaltNaturalProcesses

Question 1

What does coastal intervention depend on

Answer 1

Wealth - if you can afford it

Value of land - if it needs protecting

Severity of natural processes - are they actually causing great risks

Question 2

What 4 places would you talk about ?

Answer 2

Holderness

Thames barrage

Odisha

Maldives

Question 3

What natural process is the holderness at risk of ?

Answer 3

Erosion

Fastest eroding coastline in Europe 2m annually eroded

Question 4

Why is holderness eroding ?

Answer 4

Long fetch from arctic generates high energy waves.

Strong prevailing wind.

Boulder cliff clay.

Destructive waves erode via abrasion/ HA

Also solution dissolves Flamborough head so sediment in LSD

Question 5

What risks presently in mappleton?

Answer 5

Loss of villages / homes

Main road is 50m away from cliff edge

Question 6

The future along holderness

Answer 6

Inevitably erosion is going to get worse because of global warming.
Melting of terrestrial ice - eustatic rise.
Warming of ocean leads to thermal expansion - rise.
Warmer ocean temps means more storms
More destructive waves so erosion will get worse

Question 7

Why does mappleton need protected? What’s in place ?

Answer 7

Economically viable.
Populated
Hold the line implemented to keep defences - groynes build up beach to act as natural buffer from waves.
Rock armour to reduce wave energy.

Question 8

Mappleton successful or not ?

Answer 8

Yes
Costal intervention did halt erosion as coastline has not eroded anymore.
Therefore minimised risks.

Did shift problem and south of mappleton didn’t receive any sediment as groynes trapped

Question 9

What’s happening at great Cawdon?

Answer 9

Coastal intervention not implemented as no real value of land - farming.

Natural processes occur, risk of land loss occurs now and the risk will be there in future

Question 10

When was Thames barrage implemented? How much did it cost?

Answer 10

1984

£534 million

Question 11

Why did London need coastal intervention

Answer 11

Isostatic readjustment as weight of glaciers removed is causing London to falll relative to the sea

This combined with global eustatic rise means it’s becoming increasing vulnerable to flooding.

Also had history of flooding 1953 300 dead.

800 million population as economic value of over £275 billion

Question 12

What is job of barrage

Answer 12

To prevent flooding now / future

Regulating tidal flow by stopping flood when high tide and storm surges occur

Question 13

Successful Thames barrier ?

Answer 13

Yes as no flooding since 1950s meaning coastal intervention did half natural processes and the risk

But In the future due to global warming natural processes will likely get worse so barrage may need to be improved.

It’s being used 2 times more annually then it used to be

Question 14

Why if odisha vulnerable to natural processes ?

Answer 14

Long fetch - high energy waves.
Prevailing wind.
Low lying.
Bay- funnelling effect.
Little management overall.

Little sediment input in south so not much sediment for protection

Question 15

What risks does erosion pose now ?

Answer 15

2007 saline embankment collapsed.

200-300m land lose due to erosion

Olive Ridley turtles impacted

Risks getting worse due to climate cunage

Question 16

What intervention is being done at odisha

Answer 16

Nee so not much money/ technology/ equipment / expertise.
Use SE - planting of mangroves to act as natural buffer to prevent erosion and flooding.
Also adapted by moving people away from coast.

Question 17

Odisha successful or not ?

Answer 17

It can’t halt the natural processes or risks it can only reduce them

Successful as 1999 cyclone 10,000 died but phailin 2013 only 44 died