History Of Coastal Management Flashcards
What are cliffed coastlines used for?
Commercial
Residential
Industrial
Caravan parks
What 6 things increases rate of erosion.
Natural processes Eustatic rise in sea Isostatic subsidence Stormy conditions Changes in sediment supply Human activity
What was coastal protection like in 1949?
Management was segmented.
At present in England and Wales no single government department has overall responsibility for coastal protection.
It’s divided amongst Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.
Why are SMPs better ?
They adjoin areas together.
What does coastal management actually entail ?
Controlling development and change in the coastal zone and undertaking work according to agreed principles.
What is classed as good management ?
Taking into account both physical and environmental considerations as well as the different views of residents.
Sustainable
Balanced
Name 3 step approach to management
- Understand cause of problem.
- Undertake work to reduce / solve problem
- Improve protection
What are coastal managements 2 main aims ?
Provide defence against flooding
Protection against erosion
(Stabilising beaches)
(Stabilising sand dunes)
(Protection salt marshes)
Hard engineering aim
Works against nature
Resists energy of waves / tides.
(Withstand variation of waves from small to storm force)
Negative impacts of hard engineering
Narrow shorelines
Reduce habitats
Effect LSD
Shift issue elsewhere - mappleton
Why / where is hard engineering done ?
Where there is significant human investment on coast.
Settlements or valuable land
Cost of defence is justified by high cost of replaced human infrastructure
Name erosion protection structures
Sea walls Grounded Revetments Rock armour Cliff fixing Off shore reefs Habions
Name coastal flood protection
Sea walks
Dams
Barriers
Barrages
Soft engineering aim
Work with natural processes using natural systems such as beaches , dunes and salt marshes.
Absorb and adjust to wave
and ride energy
Don’t change fundamental structures just manipulate them
