Emergent and Submergent Coastal Landforms.

Question 1

Name the 4 Submergent coastal land forms?

Answer 1

Rias.
Fjords.
Raised Beaches.
Submerged Forests.

Question 2

What are submergent coastal land forms?

Answer 2

They from when the eustatic rise in sea level takes place faster than the isostatic rebound after an ice age.

Question 3

Name the 2 Emergent coastal features?

Answer 3

Marine terraces.

Raised beaches.

Question 4

What are emergent coastal features?

Answer 4

Appear at the end of an ice age when isostatic rebound takes place faster then eustatic rise in sea level.

Question 5

What are fjords? Structure / appearance

Answer 5

Drowned glacial valley.
Steep valley sides.
Straight narrow.
U- shaped cross section.
Hanging valleys either side
Glacial Rock basis with shallower end called threshold.

Question 6

How is a fjord formed?

Answer 6

When a eustatic rise in sea level occurred.

Drowned lower part of Glacial valley

Question 7

Examples were fjords are

Answer 7

Norway
New Zealand
Canada

Question 8

What is a ria? Appearance / structure

Answer 8

Drowned river valley
Cross profile typical of river valley
Dendritic system

Question 9

How is this formed ?

Answer 9

Eustatic rise in sea level occurs.
Drowns river valley.
Floodplain vanishes beneath the rising waters.
Only uplands of middle / upper courses filled with sea water.
High land raised - dry

Question 10

Example of where ria is

Answer 10

Devon

Cornwall

Question 11

How is Dalmatian coastline formed ?

Answer 11

Submergence of mountain valleys.
Leaving alternating crests and troughs which run parallel to coastline.
Eustatic rise in sea level drowning valleys.
Ridges exposed
Series of offshore islands running parallel

Question 12

Example of Dalmatian coastline

Answer 12

Dalmatian coastline of Croatia

Question 13

How is a submerged forest formed ?

Answer 13

As climate warms, marsh and forests grow but continued submergence drowns them.
Only tree stumps remain visible

Question 14

Example of submerged forest

Answer 14

Borth north wales.
At low tide along the beach, where stumps of oak, pine birch can be seen.

Radiocarbon dating suggests trees died out about 1509 Bc

Question 15

What are Marine terraces?

Answer 15

Greater expense of gently sloping formerly submerged land has now been exposers by isostatic uplift or eustatic rise in sea level.

Question 16

One difference between raised beach and marine terrace

Answer 16

Marine terrace now exposed part of gently sloping continental shelf , gradient is continued for some distance offshore and inland.

Question 17

What are raised beaches?

Answer 17

when areas of former wave cut platforms are their beaches are at a higher level then present sea level .

Behind beach you will find old cliff lines and caves , arches , stacks , stumps

Question 18

Example of raised beach

Answer 18

Western Scotland where 3 levels have been recognised
8m
15m
30m