NME 2.14 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two distinct pathways for lipoproteins transport?

A
  • exogenous

- endogenous

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2
Q

what is exogenous pathway?

A

from food to tissue

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3
Q

what is endogenous pathway?

A

syntehsised in liver to tissue

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4
Q

explain exogenous pathway?

A
  • bile emulsify fats
  • lipase cleaves triacyglycerol into two fatty acid and one-2-monoacylglycerol
  • enterocytes absorb small molecules and form triacylglycerides
  • nascent chylomicrons circulate through lymphatic vessels
  • nascent chylomicrons interact with HDL particles cause donation of apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein E
  • chylomicrons is now matured
  • through apolipoprotein C-II mature chylomicrons activate lipoprotein lipase
  • LDL helps with hydrolysis of triacylglycerol
  • glycerol and fatty acids can then be absorbed in peripheral tissues
  • hydrolused chylomicrons are called chylomicrons remnants
  • chylomicrons remnants continue in circulation until interact with chylomicrons remnant receptors through apolipoprotein E
  • cause hydrolysis and release glycerol and fatty acid
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5
Q

explain endogenous pathway

A
  • hepatocytes create triacylglycerols through de novo synthesis
  • produce bile from cholesterol
  • triacylglycerols and cholesteryl ester are assembled with apolipoprotein B-100 to form nascent VLDL
  • nascent VLDL release into blood
  • VLDL bump with HDL
  • HDL donate apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein E to nascent VLDL
  • nascent VLDL is considered matured
  • apolipoprotein C-II activate LPL
  • LPL hydrolyze VLDL and release glycerol and fatty acids
  • hydrolyzed particles are called VLDL remnants or IDL
  • IDL circulate and interact with apolipoprotein E and remnant receptors to be absorbed in the liver
    can be further hydrolysed by hepatic lipase
  • LDL circulate and transport free cholesterol
  • LDL can bind with LDL receptors and apolipoprotein B-100
  • LDL is internalised and hydrolysed
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6
Q

which lipoprotein are cholesterol rich?

A
  • HDL

- LDL

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7
Q

which lipoprotein are intermediate?

A
  • IDL

- Chylomicrons remnants

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8
Q

which lipoprotein are triglyceride rich?

A
  • VLDL

- Chylomicrons

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9
Q

which lipoprotein are involved in exogenous pathway?

A
  • chylomicrons

- chylomicrons remnants

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10
Q

which lipoprotein is involved in endogenous pathway?

A
  • LDL
  • IDL
  • VLDL
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11
Q

which lipoprotein has high phospholipid?

A
  • HDL

- LDL

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12
Q

which lipoprotein has triglyceride?

A
  • VLDL

- chylomicrons

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13
Q

what does apo E do?

A
  • surface of chylomicrons and provide alternate handle for receptors
  • this happens when apo B is not in the right confirmation shape
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14
Q

what does cholesterol deposition cause?

A

atheromatous plaque

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15
Q

what is apo B?

A
  • a major apolipoprotein of VLDL, IDL and LDL
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16
Q

what does apolipoprotein A,C and E do?

A

mov ebetween HDLs and TRLs