Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuromuscular/Anatomy > NM MCQ 2016 > Flashcards

NM MCQ 2016 Flashcards

1
Q

Q1. You are examining a patient whom you suspect has had a stroke. On scraping the lateral side of the sole of the patient’s foot, you notice that the hallux reflexly extends. What dermatome is involved?

A. L3

B. L4

C. L5

D. S1

E. S2

A

D. S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Q2. A patient presents with meralgia paraesthetica. This typically results from entrapment[AM1] of what nerve?

A. The genitofemoral nerve

B. The ilioinguinal nerve

C. The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

D. The medial cutaneous nerve of the thigh

E. The obturator nerve

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

C. The lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Q3. A 40-year-old man fractured his right tibia when thrown from a bridge for failing to pay his drug dealer. Later, he starts to complain of severe pain in his leg which is worse on passive plantarflexion of the ipsilateral great toe. On examination, the dorsalis pedis pulse is absent, although the posterior tibial pulse is palpable. What complication is most likely to have occurred?

A. Anterior compartment syndrome[AM1]

B. Mal-union of fractured tibia

C. Open fracture of tibia

D. Peroneal nerve damage

E. Tibial nerve damage

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

A. Anterior compartment syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Q4. After fertilization the inner cell mass will give rise to what structure?

A. The blastocyst

B. The embryo

C. The morula

D. The trophoblast

E. The zygote

A

B. The embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Q5. A 70-year-old man presents with a femoral hernia. What surface markings of the neck of the hernia would be most likely to confirm that it is femoral?

A. Above and lateral to the pubic tubercle

B. Above and medial to the pubic tubercle

C. Below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

D. Below and medial to the pubic tubercle

E. Below the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

A

C. Below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Q6. Having consumed some gin and tonic, an elderly lady slips and falls while dancing in her kitchen. Examination reveals tenderness in the left anatomical snuffbox on the following day. What bone is most likely to have been fractured?

A. Hamate

B. Lunate

C. Scaphoid

D. Trapezoid

E. Triquetral

A

C. Scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Q7. A young teenager presents in your clinic after breaking her fall from a tree by catching a branch. On clinical exam, you diagnose the patient with a small tear to the teres major. The teres major is innervated by:

A. Axillary nerve

B. Lower subscapular nerve

C. Musculocutaneous nerve

D. Suprascapular nerve

E. Thoracodorsal nerve

A

B. Lower subscapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Q8. A 40-year-old woman is about to murder her dormant husband with a knife when he suddenly shouts out in his sleep. Startled, she trips and falls, pushing the blade of the knife into the soft tissue anterior to the lateral epicondyle of her right elbow. What is the most likely finding on clinical examination[AM1] ?

A. Loss of sensation in the first web-space

B. Loss of sensation over the thenar eminence

C. Partial claw hand

D. Severe claw hand

E. Weakness of thumb opposition

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

C. Partial claw hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Q9. A 23-year-old woman is admitted to hospital with multiple lacerations after falling through a plate-glass window while intoxicated. On examination she cannot hold a piece of paper firmly between her index and middle finger. What nerve has most likely been damaged?

A. Median

B. Palmar cutaneous

C. Posterior interosseous

D. Radial

E. Ulnar

A

A. Median

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Q10. The French surgeon and anatomist Alfred Velpeau (1795-1867) is credited with the first description of a ‘Winged Scapula’, published in 1825. He correctly deduced that this condition is associated with damage to what nerve[AM1] ?

A. Axillary

B. Long thoracic

C. Medial pectoral

D. Thoracodorsal

E. Upper subscapular

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

B. Long thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Q11. The knee jerk reflex is absent in a young girl following a fall from a horse. What level of the spinal cord is tested in the knee jerk reflex?

A. L1, 2

B. L2, 3

C. L3, 4

D. L5, S1

E. S1, S2

A

C. L3, 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Q12. A 35-year-old male presents to the accident and emergency department with a painful, swollen knee following a rugby match. What ligament is the most important in stabilising the knee while walking downhill?

Anterior cruciate ligament

Medial collateral ligament

Lateral collateral ligament

Patellar ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Q13. The photomicrograph below shows a number of nerve fascicles. Each fascicle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath, indicated by the blue arrows. What is the connective tissue sheath called?

Adventitia

Endoneurium

Ependyma

Epineurium

Perineurium

A

Perineurium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Q14. Defects of limb development are the most common birth abnormality in Europe. What is polydactyly?

Abnormal fusion of digits on one or more limbs

Absence of a digit on one or more limbs

Complete absence of a limb

Extra digits present on one or more limbs

E. Partial absence of a limb

A

Extra digits present on one or more limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Q15. Hyponatraemia, is a condition characterised by low sodium levels in the blood. Symptoms can vary but include a decreased ability to think, headaches, nausea, and poor balance. Severe symptoms include confusion, seizures, and coma. In a resting human cell where the intracellular sodium concentration would be 15mM, what would be the corresponding extracellular sodium concentration?

10-7mM

0.7mM

1mM

15mM

120mM

A

120mM?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Q16. Neurotransmission occurs between a pre and post synaptic membrane and is separated by the synaptic cleft. To stimulate neurotransmitter release what ion must flow into the presynaptic neuron to stimulate vesicle release by exocytosis?

Calcium ion

Chloride ion

Magnesium ion

Potassium ion

Sodium ion

A

Calcium ion

17
Q

Q17. During an isometric contraction, what aspect of muscle structure undergoes shortening[AM1] ?

A. A band

B. Overall length of the muscle

C. Sarcomere

D. Series elastic element

E. Thick filaments

[AM1]MCQ revised and approved

A

D. Series elastic element

18
Q

Q18. Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy should avoid eccentric contractions. During eccentric contractions, the sarcomeres lengthen and this will be associated with an increase in the width of what structure?

A. A band

B. Contractile element

C. I band

D. M line

E. Z line

A

C. I band

19
Q

Q19. A patient who has been given an over-transfusion of blood has a higher than normal preload. What effect does an increase in preload have on the force of heart muscle contraction[AM1] ?

Decreases

Fatigues

Increases

Summates

Tetanises

[AM1]MCQ rewritten and approved

A

Increases

20
Q

Q20. A patient with Hirschsprung’s disease has absent motility in the visceral smooth muscle of his colon. Normally, visceral smooth muscle motility is caused by the spread of electrical activity from one cell to another through what structures?

A. Dihydropyridine/ryanodine complexes

B. Intercalated discs

C. Motor endplates

D. Neuromuscular junctions

E. Nexi or gap junctions

A

E. Nexi or gap junctions

21
Q

Q21. You are treating a patient with early onset emphysema with intravenous alpha-1-antitrypsin. What is the function of alpha-1-antitrypsin?

A. Activation of lysyloxidase

B. Activation of tropoelastin

C. Binding to fibrillin

D. Destruction of collagen

E. Inhibition of elastase

A

E. Inhibition of elastase

22
Q

Q22. A 60-year-old patient was diagnosed with the neuroendocrine tumour phaeochromocytoma. Prior to surgery, the patient was treated with phenoxybenzamine. What type of agent is phenoxybenzamine?

a 1 receptor-selective agonist

a 1 receptor-selective antagonist

a 2 receptor-selective antagonist

Non-selective a receptor agonist

Non-selective a receptor antagonist

A

Non-selective alpha receptor antagonist

23
Q

Q23. A patient develops avascular necrosis of the femoral head after a fracture of the neck of the femur. What artery has most likely been disrupted[AM1] ?

A. Artery of the ligament of the head

B. Circumflex femoral

C. Profunda femoris

D. Retinacular

E. Superior gluteal

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

B. Circumflex femoral

24
Q

Q24. A patient is noted to have Trendelenburg gait. What nerve has been damaged?

A. Inferior gluteal

B. Nerve to obturator externus

C. Nerve to vastus medialis

D. Sciatic

E. Superior gluteal

A

E. Superior gluteal

25
Q

Q25. An anaesthesiologist suggests using the short-acting “depolarizing blocker” decamethonium to[AM1] relax skeletal leg muscle during a surgical operation. What is the main target for this type of drug?

Acetylcholinesterase

Nicotinic acetyl choline receptor

Sodium-potassium ATPase

T tubules

E. Voltage-gated calcium channel

[AM1]MCQ replaced

A

Nicotinic acetyl choline receptor

26
Q

Q26. A patient presents at the neuromuscular disorders clinic with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic-myopathic syndrome. He has difficulty raising his legs and presents with progressive weakness and fatigue of the limb muscles. Release of what neurotransmitter is affected[AM1] ?

Acetylcholine

Adrenaline

Glutamate

Noradrenaline

Serotonin

[AM1]Thank you: change made

A

Acetylcholine

27
Q

Q27. During a Halloween party you are surprised by a friend dressed up as a ghost who jumps out of a closet, eliciting a fight, fright, flight response. In what part of the nervous system do the cell bodies of the postganglionic fibres originate that coordinate this response[AM1] ?

Cerebellum

Dorsal root ganglia

Parasympathetic ganglia

Sympathetic ganglia

Vagus (cranial nerve X)

[AM1]Thank you: changes made

A

Sympathetic ganglia

28
Q

Q28. During an operation on a patient the anaesthesiologist wishes to reduce respiratory secretions and suggests a ganglion blocker (atropine). This acts as an antagonist at what category of receptor?

α-adrenoceptor

β-adrenoceptor

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Purinergic receptor

A

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor

29
Q

Q29. A 13-year-old boy presents with joint hypermobility and joint pain. You suspect that he may have Ehlers Danlos syndrome. What protein is defective in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?

Alpha1-antitrypsin

Collagen

Elastin

Fibrillin

Iaminin

A

Collagen

30
Q

Q30. A patient has a biopsy and the slide below is examined under the microscope. What are the structures arrowed?

Chondrocytes

Osteoblasts

Osteoclasts

Osteocytes

Podocytes

A

Osteocytes

Neuromuscular/Anatomy (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions