Liver and extra hepatic biliary system Flashcards
What percent of your body weight does the liver make up?
2% of body weight
What are the functions of the liver?
protein synthesis
digestion
metabolism
toxin inactivation
immune function
bile production
How do we palpate the liver
we may be able to palpate upon inspiration if the liver is enlarged at all
What divides the two anatomical lobes?
falciform ligament
What are the anatomical lobes of the liver?
right lobe (including quadrate and caudate lobes)
and
left lobe
Identify the following ligaments on the liver
left triangular ligament
falciform ligament
anterior coronary ligament
posterior coronary ligament
right triancular ligament
What is the distinction between the anatomical lobes of the liver and the functional halves of the liver?
The caudate and quadrate lobes are part of the right anatomical lobe, but they are a part of the left functional half of the liver
How many segments is the liver divided into?
it is divided into 8 segments that each recieve a branch of hepatic artery and portal vein, and have their own bile duct
What is the subphrenic recess?
it is a space between the liver and the diaphragm
What is the ligamentum teres?
it is the excess ligament that is continuous with the falciform ligament on the liver - derived from the umbilical vein
name these structures
hepatic arteries, portal veins, common bile duct and IVC
What is the interlobar fissure? what runs through there?
interlobar fissure connects the left and right anatomical lobes of the liver, the ligamentum venosum runs in the groove
Where does the liver get it’s blood supply?
recieves blood via hepatic artery from coeliac trunk
portal vein (70%)
venous drainage via 3 hepatic veins
Where does the portal vein form?
L1 - behind the neck of the pancreas
How might portal hypertension present clinically?
caput medusae and
oesophageal varices
where does the portal vein get venous drainage from?
superior mesenteric veins
inferior mesenteric veins
left/right gastric veins
left gastroepiploic vein
splenic vein
short gastric veins
What manoeuvre do we use to cut off blood from the liver in the event of trauma
pringle’s manoeuvre - we pinch the free edge of the lesser omentum through the foramen of winslow on the common bile duct, the portal vein and the hepatic artery - cuts all blood from the liver
What are the regions of the gall bladder?
fundus, body, and neck
Which lobe is more superior the caudate or quadrate lobe?
the caudate lobe is always superior
quadrate lobe is inferior - like in the alphabet C before Q
How much bile does the gall bladder recieve?
it recieves 50% of bile
it absorbs water to concentrate the bile and it’s released in response to CCK
What is the blood supply to the gall bladder?
cystic artery -
What is Calot’s triangle?
the triangle made between the common hepatic duct, the cystic duct, and the lower edge of the right lobe of liver
What is hartman’s pouch?
a spheroid or conical pouch at the junction of the neck of thegallbladder and the cystic duct.
What are the three parts to the common bile duct?
supraduodenal
retroduodenal
paraduodenal
