Liver and extra hepatic biliary system Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of your body weight does the liver make up?

A

2% of body weight

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2
Q

What are the functions of the liver?

A

protein synthesis

digestion

metabolism

toxin inactivation

immune function

bile production

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3
Q

How do we palpate the liver

A

we may be able to palpate upon inspiration if the liver is enlarged at all

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4
Q

What divides the two anatomical lobes?

A

falciform ligament

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5
Q

What are the anatomical lobes of the liver?

A

right lobe (including quadrate and caudate lobes)

and

left lobe

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6
Q

Identify the following ligaments on the liver

left triangular ligament

falciform ligament

anterior coronary ligament

posterior coronary ligament

right triancular ligament

A
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7
Q

What is the distinction between the anatomical lobes of the liver and the functional halves of the liver?

A

The caudate and quadrate lobes are part of the right anatomical lobe, but they are a part of the left functional half of the liver

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8
Q

How many segments is the liver divided into?

A

it is divided into 8 segments that each recieve a branch of hepatic artery and portal vein, and have their own bile duct

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9
Q

What is the subphrenic recess?

A

it is a space between the liver and the diaphragm

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10
Q

What is the ligamentum teres?

A

it is the excess ligament that is continuous with the falciform ligament on the liver - derived from the umbilical vein

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11
Q

name these structures

A

hepatic arteries, portal veins, common bile duct and IVC

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12
Q

What is the interlobar fissure? what runs through there?

A

interlobar fissure connects the left and right anatomical lobes of the liver, the ligamentum venosum runs in the groove

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13
Q

Where does the liver get it’s blood supply?

A

recieves blood via hepatic artery from coeliac trunk

portal vein (70%)

venous drainage via 3 hepatic veins

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14
Q

Where does the portal vein form?

A

L1 - behind the neck of the pancreas

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15
Q

How might portal hypertension present clinically?

A

caput medusae and

oesophageal varices

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16
Q

where does the portal vein get venous drainage from?

A

superior mesenteric veins

inferior mesenteric veins

left/right gastric veins

left gastroepiploic vein

splenic vein

short gastric veins

17
Q

What manoeuvre do we use to cut off blood from the liver in the event of trauma

A

pringle’s manoeuvre - we pinch the free edge of the lesser omentum through the foramen of winslow on the common bile duct, the portal vein and the hepatic artery - cuts all blood from the liver

18
Q

What are the regions of the gall bladder?

A

fundus, body, and neck

19
Q

Which lobe is more superior the caudate or quadrate lobe?

A

the caudate lobe is always superior

quadrate lobe is inferior - like in the alphabet C before Q

20
Q

How much bile does the gall bladder recieve?

A

it recieves 50% of bile

it absorbs water to concentrate the bile and it’s released in response to CCK

21
Q

What is the blood supply to the gall bladder?

A

cystic artery -

22
Q

What is Calot’s triangle?

A

the triangle made between the common hepatic duct, the cystic duct, and the lower edge of the right lobe of liver

23
Q

What is hartman’s pouch?

A

a spheroid or conical pouch at the junction of the neck of thegallbladder and the cystic duct.

24
Q

What are the three parts to the common bile duct?

A

supraduodenal

retroduodenal

paraduodenal

25
Q

Find the following terms

  • major duodenal papilla
  • ampulla of vater
  • sphincter of Oddi
A
26
Q

Where does the cystic artery rise from?

A

The right hepatic artery

27
Q

Describe the lymphatic drainage of the gall bladder

A

porta hepatis

hepatic

coeliac

thoracic duct

28
Q

How would we investigate the bile ducts internally?

A

using a ERCP - endoscopic retrograde …