nm history ch 4&5 Flashcards
1930 that attempted to stem the loss of American jobs by making foreign products more expensive; the law resulted in a trade war that proved harmful to the world economy
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Albuquerque politician during the 1930s who was able to draw a lot of federal money to NM
Governor Clyde Tingley
area of the Southern plains hit by an environmental disaster during the 1930s
Dust Bowl
a sudden, economically disastrous, drop in prices
deflation
bootcamp-style program that hired young men to work for 6 month stints
Civilian conservation corps
change to the Constitution that gave women the vote
19th amendment
Democratic president who oversaw the passage and administration of the New Deal
President Roosevelt
Depression Era teacher who encouraged Indian students to create art in their own traditions
Dorothy Dunn
federal agent who attempted to give Native Americans in New Mexico more independence
John Collier
federal program that hired Americans to build large public works like dams, bridges, and roads
Public Works Administration
first acting governor in the United States who was a woman; only governor of NM for 16 days
Governor Soledad chavez de chacon
first female Hispanic governor of a state; currently New Mexico’s governor
governor susana martinez
government program to help students stay in school during the Depression
national youth administration
idea that White, Protestant, Anglo-Saxon culture should be the only culture tolerated or celebrated
100% americanism
influential and well-educated advocate for passage of the 19th Amendment in New Mexico
nina otero-warren
intimate Presidential radio broadcasts designed to lift Americans’ spirits during the Depression
fireside chats
law that allowed workers in the US to form unions so that they could negotiate for better wages
national industrial recovery act
made the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor illegal
18th amendment
name for a large set of 1930s policies that greatly expanded the government’s role in the economy
new deal
name for people who produced illegal alcohol during Prohibition
bootleggers
New Deal program that employed painters and sculptors
Federal Art Project
nickname for migrants forced out of areas affected by the Dust Bowl
Okies
NM senator whose Washington connections served him well in attracting New Deal programs to NM
senator chavez
policies that segregated blacks and whites; promoted by white supremacists like the KKK
Jim Crow Laws
policy designed to limit environmental damage that ruined many Navajo livelihoods during the 1930s
Taylor Grazing Act
policy where students who spoke Spanish were kept separate and only taught in English
“direct method”
politician whose untimely death resulted in the rise of an influential Democratic opponent
senator cutting
president who was, fairly or unfairly, blamed for the advent of the Great Depression
president hoover
program during the Depression that gave playwrights, journalists, and historians jobs
Federal Writer’s Project
proposed law that would have given Pueblo lands to mostly white settlers living near or on them
Bursum Bill
sacred site for the Taos Indians that came under control of the U.S. Forest Service
blue lake
secluded canyon in the Gila Wilderness where illegal liquor was distilled during Prohibition
Moonshine Canyon
Secretary of the Interior under Hoover convicted of taking bribes and sent to jail
Albert B Fall
swift and sudden withdrawal of deposits sparked by fear and hysteria
bank run
symbol of organized crime during Prohibition
al capone
the government agency responsible for loaning currency to banks whose inaction caused the Great Depression
Federal Reserve
the organization, mostly composed of suffragettes, that is most responsible for arguing in favor of Prohibition
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
troubled New Mexico labor union that lost its struggle against management in McKinley county
Gallup national miner’s union
unsuccessful resettlement program for migrants from the Dust Bowl; just south of ABQ
Bosque Farms
what was the beginning cause for the great depression
stock market crash
when was the stock market crash and why was it not the main cause for the great depression
it was in 1929 and because rich people invested in stock, only 3% of americans lost money
what was the main cause of the great depression
banks collapsing
why exactly did the banks collapse
people couldn’t pay back the loans they’d taken out for stocks => banks couldn’t pay back those who had put money in them => FED RESERVE did nothing (even though that was literally their only job but whatever) and people saw all these banks fail => bank runs but how the system works is that banks loan out money they hold for people so only certain amount of people get their money back before its all gone => and no putting money in banks caused the whole system to collapse => and by 1931 1/3 of banks had failed i.e. 1/3 of the money supply in america had dried up
what was the year FDR was elected
1932
program that employed many members of the TSA during the depression
federal art project
racist organization that advocated for things like Jim Crow laws in new mexico
the Ku Klux Klan
name for the “oil leasing” scandal that rocked Warren G. Harding’s administration during the 1920s
“Teapot Dome” scandal
slang term for illegally produced or imported alcohol during Prohibition
moonshine
decade during which Prohibition ENDED (people really needed a drink by that time)
1930s
unemployment rate for SKILLED workers in NM during the Great Depression
25%
