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NFS284 > NFS284: Natural Health Foods > Flashcards

NFS284: Natural Health Foods Flashcards

1
Q

Natural health products includes…

A
  • vit and minerals
  • AA
  • essential FA
  • herbal remedies
  • traditional medicines
  • homeopathic medicines
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2
Q

What purpose does natural health products serve?

A

therapeutic purpose

  • selected by consumers for self-care
  • low risk of harm drugs
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3
Q

Natural food products fall between…

A

food and drugs

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4
Q

Natural health products are regulated by…

A

Natural Health Products Directorate

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5
Q

What is the Natural Health Products Directorate’s take on natural health products?

A

Ensure that Canadians have access to natural health products that are safe, effective, and of high quality while respecting freedom of choice and philosophical and cultural diversity

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6
Q

Natural Health Products Directorate was formed in what year?

A

2004

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7
Q

How many Natural Health Products are approved?

A

50 000

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8
Q

natural health products try to achieve a balance between…

A
  • tradition

- scientific evidence

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9
Q

What is a “traditional” method to marketing natural health products?

A

in use for > 50 years

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10
Q

In order to sell a natural health product, manufacturers must demonstrate…

A
  • good manufacturing practices in the making of the product

- the effectiveness of the product for the stated purpose

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11
Q

When manufacturers of natural health products can demonstrate safe production methods…

A

Health Canada issues them a licence for the site of manufacture

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12
Q

Good manufacturing practices:

A
  • product is what it says it is

- product is not contaminated

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13
Q

What kind of ways can a product be contaminated?

A
  • microbial

- chemical (led, mercury, prescription drugs)

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14
Q

what can natural health product manufacturers cite as a source of scientific information?

A

Health Canada’s Natural Health Products compendium

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15
Q

What is the natural health products compendium?

A

List of natural health products with well-documented traditional use / scientific evidence

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16
Q

Which products can manufacturers freely market?

A

any natural health product in the compendium (that follow the purpose listed in the compendium)

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17
Q

What happens when an manufacturer wants to market something not in the compendium / don’t follow purpose listed in compendium?

A

need stronger evidence

  • scientific literature review
  • intervention trial
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18
Q

define: monograph

A

written description of particular elements on an identified topic

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19
Q

What kind of info is found in the monograph?

A
  • name
  • proper names
  • common names
  • source material
  • route of administration
  • dosage
  • use / purpose
  • duration of use
  • risks
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20
Q

how are natural health products labelled?

A
  • product name
  • product licence holder
  • NPN / DIN-HM
  • medicinal ingredients
  • non-medicinal ingredients
  • max dosage
  • recommended use (health claim)
  • risks
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21
Q

natural health products are labelled like ____

A

drugs

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22
Q

NPN

A

natural product number

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23
Q

If there is no NPN, what does this mean?

A

the natural health product is not authorized to sell in Canada (unless it has EN)

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24
Q

EN

A

exemption number

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25
Q

What is EN used for

A

Used in place of NPN for very low risk products

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26
Q

DIN-HM

A

homeopathic medicine number

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27
Q

Difference between natural health product labels and food labels?

A
  • max daily dose
  • nutrition content expressed as weight instead of % DV
  • ingredients listed by medicinal & non-medicinal instead of by weight
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28
Q

Vitamin water was marketed as a…

A

natural health product

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29
Q

Why was vit water marketed as a natural health product?

A

it was a non-compliant food ??

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30
Q

Define: non-compliant food

A

food to which vit, mineral nutrients, and AA are added

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31
Q

“mandatory” as defined in food and drug regulations for non-compliant food

A

nutrients that must be present in the food t levels specified

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32
Q

“voluntary” as defined in food and drug regulations for non-compliant food

A

nutrients that may be added to products listed

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33
Q

FDR

A

food and drug regulations

34
Q

FDR reference

A

refers to sections of the FDR where nutrient levels and other requirements can be found

35
Q

Why does natural health product to food transitions occur?

A
  • product is marketed like food
  • customers think it is food
  • considered safe for consumption as food (if not safe, product must be re-formulated)
36
Q

Example of a product that underwent natural health product to food transition?

A
  • vit water

- energy drinks (limits caffeine content / reformulated)

37
Q

What is the caffeine content for energy drinks?

A

180 mg / serving

38
Q

___ supplements are promoted in the popular media to athletes

A

AA

39
Q

Which AA are promoted as enhancing muscle growth?

A
  • (ROK): arginine, ornithine, lysine
  • branched AA (LIV): leucine, isoleucine, valine
  • (G): glutamine
40
Q

Effect of arginine according to the compendium

A

“modest” improvement of exercise capacity

41
Q

Effect of lysine according to the compendium

A

promote protein metabolism

42
Q

Effect of ornithine according to the compendium

A

promote protein metabolism

43
Q

Effect of L, I, V according to the compendium

A

promote muscle synthesis

44
Q

Effect of glutamine according to the compendium

A

muscle repair & recovery from physical stress

45
Q

define: ergogenic aids

A

anything that improves athletic performance

46
Q

Effect of creatine according to the compendium

A

increases muscle mass and strength during resistance training

47
Q

Effect of HMB according to the compendium

A

enhances muscle strength in previously untrained individuals in combination with intense resistance training

48
Q

List some ergogenic aids

A
  • creatine
  • HMB
  • caffeine
  • l-carnitine
49
Q

Effect of caffeine according to the compendium

A

stimulant that can improve endurance

50
Q

Effect of l-carnitine according to the compendium

A

transport FA from cytoplasm to mitochondria for B-oxdiation

51
Q

l-carnitine in NHP is given to treat…

A

l-carnitine deficiency (not exercise related issues)

52
Q

Effect of EPA, DHA according to the compendium

A

good for cardiovascular health

53
Q

Effect of flaxseed oil according to the compendium

A
  • w3

- maintenance of good health

54
Q

What are oral enzyme supplements?

A

???

Proteins that are digested to amino acids, so ineffective if taken orally

55
Q

What is an digestive enzyme that has some activity in the gut prior to breakdown?

A

Lactase

56
Q

Effect of melatonin according to the compendium

A

Regulate sleep cycle

57
Q

example of an oral enzyme supplement

A

melatonin

58
Q

Macronutrient supplements include…

A
  • fatty acids

- proteins

59
Q

Examples of fatty acid supplements

A
  • EPA / DHA

- flaxseed oil

60
Q

example of supplements for things made in the body

A
  • oral enzyme supplement

- co-enzyme supplements

61
Q

example of co-enzyme supplement

A

co-enzyme Q

62
Q

co-enzyme Q may be depleted in people who…

A

use statin

63
Q

Effect of statins (and side-effects)

A

effect: lower serum cholesterol

side effect: muscle weakness

64
Q

Effect of co-enzyme Q according to the compendium

A

maintain cardiovascular health

65
Q

What are 2 supplements that contain structural & regulatory molecules?

A
  1. glucosamine & chondroitin

2. SAM-e

66
Q

Effect of glucosamine & chondroitin according to compendium

A

alleviate pain & progression of arthritis

67
Q

Purpose of glucosamine & chondroitin supplements

A

reduce arthritis pain & cartilage damage

68
Q

Purpose of SAM-e supplements

A

benefit for arthritis, depression, liver disease

69
Q

What needs to be noted about SAM-e?

A

interacts with several drugs

70
Q

Effect of garlic according to the compendium

A

maintain cardiovascular health

71
Q

Some studies suggest garlic can…

A

lower serum chol.

72
Q

What needs to be noted about garlic?

A

interacts with several drugs

73
Q

What needs to be noted about echinacea?

A
  • don’t use if you have certain diseases

- little scientific evidence (tradition only)

74
Q

Effect of enchinacea

A

treat colds

75
Q

What needs to be noted about ginseng?

A
  • little scientific evidence (tradition only)
  • don’t use if you have certain diseases
  • don’t use in combination with certain drugs
76
Q

Purpose of ginseng?

A
  • respiratory infections
  • maintain blood glucose
  • relieve nervousness
  • keep immune system healthy
77
Q

Traditional use of ginkgo?

A
  • asthma

- skin infections

78
Q

Modern use of ginkgo?

A

memory

79
Q

What needs to be noted about ginkgo?

A
  • limited scientific evidence
  • don’t use if you have certain diseases
  • don’t use in combination with certain drugs (blood thinners esp.)
80
Q

traditional use for St John’s Wort

A

relieve restlessness / nervousness

81
Q

Modern use for St. John’s Wort

A

Depression

82
Q

What needs to be noted about St. John’s Wort?

A
  • don’t use in combination with certain drugs

- limited scientific evidence

NFS284 (16 decks)

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