Newborn

Question 1

When is the neonatal period?

Answer 1

first 4 weeks

Question 2

What is the ductus arteriosus?

Answer 2

Ductus arteriosus closes within hours of birth.
It allows blood from the right side of the heart to flow to the aorta back out to the body without going through the lungs.

Question 3

What is persistent fetal circulation?

Answer 3

Also called PDA (Patent ductus arteriosus)
Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
Newborn’s circulation reverts back to the circulation of a fetus, where much of the blood flow bypasses the lungs.
Common in preemies and usually closes naturally.

Question 4

What is jaundice?

Answer 4

The increase in bilirubin levels due to liver function.
Can be caused by blood incompatibility, prematurity, or idiopathic reasons.
Can lead to kernicterus (brain damage)

Question 5

What is cerebral palsy?

Answer 5

Brain damage that occurs prior to, during or shortly after the birth process

Question 6

In newborns, motor control is…

Answer 6

dominated by reflexed and dependent on gravity

Question 7

Describe vision in newborns.

Answer 7

Do like high contrast, preference for colors about 4 months.
Faces - mom at a month
8-12 inches for best reception

Question 8

How do newborns demonstrate the integration of the senses?

Answer 8

Response to facial expressions - sight, sound, and cognition
Preference for pacifier or blanket - tactile, sight, cognition

Question 9

What are biological risks for newborns?

Answer 9

Genetics, disease, or disability
Maternal factors
- Result in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
- Can be idiopathic.

Question 10

What are environmental/societal risks for newborns?

Answer 10

Protective factors
FAS
Cocaine exposed.
SGA->2500 or LBW VLBW>1500
ELBW>1000

Question 11

What lung issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 11

RDS - Respiratory Distress Syndrome
BPD - Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Iatrogenic

Question 12

What cardiac issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 12

Persistent fetal circulation
PDA

Question 13

What gastric issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 13

GER - gastroesophageal reflux
- thicken
- sit up
- elevate
- surgery

Question 14

What musculoskeletal issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 14

Hypotonic (low tone) - till 34 weeks
- Cephalocaudal
Very malleable
- Craniofacial molding
- Clonus

Question 15

What neurological issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 15

Very tender
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Intraventricular hemorrhage

Question 16

What visual issues can occur in newborns?

Answer 16

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)