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ASI > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

1
Q

In which hemisphere is New Zealand located?

A

Southern Hemisphere

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2
Q

where is new Zealand in relation to Australia?

A

New Zealand is ~ 1300 miles southeast of Australia

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3
Q

New Zealand has two islands:

The … Island and the … Island

A
  • North Island

- South Island

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4
Q

Of all the winemaking countries in the world, new Zealand is the world’s

a. norhtermost
b. southernmost
c. only one at the Equator

A

b. southernmost

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5
Q

what are the bodies of water surrounding new Zealand?

A

to the east: pacific ocean

to the west: Tasman sea

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6
Q

what is the name of the body of water between Australia and New Zealand?

A

tasman sea

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7
Q

in what yearner the first vines planted in New Zealand?

A

1819

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8
Q

who was the first to make wine in New Zealand, and when?

A

James Busby in 1836

He was an important figure in new Zealand’s wine history

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9
Q

why didn’t new zealnd wine really take off until the 1990s?

A

several setbacks, including:

  • phylloxera, early 20th century
  • temperance movement, 1910-1919
  • economic depression, 1929-1938
  • wine not allowed for sale in restaurants until 1960
  • wine not allowed for sale in supermarkets until 1990
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10
Q

mass planting in New Zealand took off in what decade?

A

1990s

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11
Q

what are the climates of the north island?

A
  • northern part of the north island: warm - some areas being humid, some dry
  • southern part of the north island: maritime
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12
Q

what are the climates of the south island

A
  • northern part of the South Island: cool

- southern part of the South Island: continental

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13
Q

what are the effects of the Tasman Sea and Pacific Ocean on the wine growing regions of New Zealand?

A
  • lessen temperature variation
  • moderate the growing season

the south island sees so much sunshine, this temperature moderation helps the grapes retain acidity.

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14
Q

what are the 2 main white grapes of New Zealand?

A
  1. sauvignon blanc

2. chardonnay

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15
Q

what are the 4 main red grapes of New Zealand?

A
  1. pinot noir
  2. cabernet sauvignon
  3. syrah
  4. merlot
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16
Q

much like Australia, New Zealand’s winemakers are innovators and forward-thinking.
give 3 examples of their modern mindset

A
  1. viticulture (mechanical harvesting)
  2. winemaking is clean, modern, precise
  3. screw cap wine seal initiative 2001
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17
Q

more than … % of new Zealand’s wine production is finished with screw caps

A

85%

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18
Q

what appellation system does New Zealand employ as of February 2019?

A

Geographical Indication (GI)

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19
Q

what are the 3 biggest GIs of New Zealand?

A
  • New Zealand GI
  • North Island GI
  • South Island GI
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20
Q

in New Zealand, if a bottle of wine has a stated grape what minimum percent of the wine must that grape be?

A

85%

21
Q

in New Zealand, if a bottle of wine has a stated vintage on the label what minimum percent must the wine be from that vintage?

A

85%

22
Q

in New Zealand, if a bottle of wine has a stated GI on the label what minimum percent of the wine com from that GI?

A

85%

23
Q

what are the 4 regions to know on New Zealand’s North Island?

A
  1. auckland
  2. Wairarapa
  3. Gisborne
  4. Hawke’s Bay
24
Q

run through Auckland’s:

  • location
  • climate
  • grapes
A
  • northern tip of north island
  • warm + humid maritime
  • cabernet sauvignon, merlot
25
Q

run through Wairarapa’s:

  • location
  • grapes
A
  • southernmost part of north island

- sauvignon blanc, pinot noir

26
Q

what is the important subregion of Wairarapa?

What grape is it known for?

A
  • martinborough

- pinot noir

27
Q

run through Gisborne’s:

  • climate
  • grapes
A
  • cool maritime

- chardonnay, pinot gris (white grapes!)

28
Q

run through Hawke’s Bay’s:

  • climate
  • grapes
A
  • moderate maritime
  • chardonnay, sauvignon blanc
  • merlot, cabernet sauvignon, syrah
29
Q

which wine region on the north island has the driest climate?

A

Hawke’s bay

30
Q

what is the important subregion of Hawke’s Bay?

A

Gimblett Gravels

31
Q

what is important about the Gimblett gravels subregion?

A
  • warmer inland area
  • gravelly soils which aren’t found elsewhere in Hawke’s Bay
  • has an excellent reputation for making premium reds: syrah and bordeaux-style red blends from cab Sauvignon + merlot
32
Q

what is the name of the mountain range on New Zealand’s South Island?

A

the southern alps

33
Q

what role do the Southern Alps play in the South Island’s wine regions?

A

they create a rain shadow, defending the wine regions from strong winds and bad weather coming off the Tasman Sea

34
Q

what are the 3 regions to known on new Zealands South Island?

A
  1. Marlborough
  2. canterbury
  3. central otago
35
Q

where is Marlborough located ?

A

northern tip of South Island

36
Q

run through Marlborough’s :

  • climate
  • grapes
A
  • long growing season: dry, cool yet very sunny

- sauvignon blanc, pinot noir

37
Q

Marlborough accounts for more than … % of all of new Zealands total wine production

A

> 50%

38
Q

sauvignon blanc accounts for … % of all vines planted in Marlborough

A

80%

39
Q

thanks to the long, dry growing season of Marlborough and its cool nights, what does that mean for the grapes?

A

grapes retain naturally high acidity

40
Q

irrigation in Marlborough is:

a. widely used
b. never used

A

a. widely used

it’s a dry climate, so irrigation is necessary

41
Q

which region of the South Island is seeing the fastest growth?

A

canterbury

42
Q

where is Canterbury located?

A

between Marlborough and central Otago on the east side of the South Island, facing the pacific

43
Q

run through Canterbury’s:

  • climate
  • grapes
A
  • cool continental

- sauvignon blanc, pinot noir

44
Q

where is central Otago located?

A

southernmost wine region on the south island

45
Q

run through Central Otago’s:

  • climate
  • grape
A
  • cool continental, with low humidity

- pinot noir

46
Q

what is unique about central Otago’s location (in regards to its parallel)?

A

some vineyard are planted below the 45th parallel, making them some of the world’s most southern-planted grapes

47
Q

New Zealand’s wine region highest in altitude is:

A

central otago

48
Q

why are most of central Otago’s vineyard planted facing north (facing the Equator)?

A

to maximize sun exposure

49
Q

central Otago’s climate is almost like an alpine climate. What factors does that include?

A
  • intensely sunny but cool
  • high elevation
  • dry growing season

ASI (35 decks)

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