New Vocab- menstrual cycle, reproduction, fatal development

Question 1

glands

Answer 1

epithelial tissue derivatives specialised for secreting

Question 2

secretion

Answer 2

biochemical release from a particular cell upon stimulation

Question 3

endocrine

Answer 3

secretions enter bloodstream- ductless glands

Question 4

hormone

Answer 4

‘chemical messengers’ secreted into the blood by endocrine glands in response to an appropriate signal–> exerting their effect on target cells

Question 5

blastomere

Answer 5

after the zygotes first division- 2 identical cells

Question 6

morula

Answer 6

16 + cells

Question 7

blastocyst

Answer 7

fluid accumulation inside morula

Question 8

Zona Pellucida

Answer 8

thick membrane surrounding ovum before implantation- contains digestive enzymes

Question 9

trophoblast

Answer 9

a layer of tissue on the outside of a mammalian blastula, supplying embryo with nourishment and later forming a major part of the placenta

Question 10

Paracrine

Answer 10

a form of cell signalling where the target cell is near ‘para’ the single-releasing cell

Question 11

Autocrine

Answer 11

produced by signalling cells= neurotransmitter may be complimentary to the same or similar cells

Question 12

endocrine

Answer 12

signals from distant cells that originate from endocrine cells, usually producing slow, long lasting effect e.g. insulin

Question 13

Meconium

Answer 13

he dark green substance forming the first faeces of a newborn infant.

Question 14

Gastrulation

Answer 14

week 3- formation of brain, spinal cord and heard (day 20-23 is when the first heart beat happens) Movement away from the embryo just being a stack of cells, but more like an organised organism- germ layers

Question 15

Neurolation

Answer 15

week 4- the process in which the neural plate becomes the neural tube

Question 16

Vernix caseosa

Answer 16

a greasy deposit covering the skin of a baby at birth.

Question 17

ossification of ossicles

Answer 17

ossification=Ossification (or osteogenesis) in bone remodeling is the process of laying down new bone material by cells called osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation.

ossicles= three tiny bones form the coupling between the vibration of the eardrum and the forces exerted on the oval window of the inner ear.

Question 18

weeks refers to

Answer 18

from the moment the egg was fertilised by the sperm. whereas gestational age is sing women’s last period

Question 19

ectoderm

Answer 19

skin, CNS,eyes- most exterior germ layer

Question 20

mesoderm

Answer 20

heart, circulatory system, muscles, bones, kidneys and reproductive systems

Question 21

endoderm

Answer 21

organs with mucous membranes e.g. lungs, GI tract and bladder- most internal germ layer

Question 22

three types of germ layer that develop at week 3

Answer 22

mesoderm, ectoderm and endoderm