fighting infection- virus' Flashcards

1
Q

virus’ enter host cells and

A

replicate

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2
Q

host cells will release

A

IFN-alpha

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3
Q

IFN-alpha released by host cells causes

A

host cells to diplsay part of the viral peptide on their surface MHC 1 molecule.

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4
Q

IFN-alpha also

A

prevents neighbouring cells from getting infected

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5
Q

when virus kills infected cell

A

viral particles are released and activate dendritic cells, which engulf particle
- dendritic cells transport particles to the local lymph nodes via lymphatic system

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6
Q

dendritic cells enter the lymph system and cause

A

naive T cells to enter

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7
Q

interaction between dendritic cells and naive t cell

A

dendritic cells present viral peptides to T helper cells on their MHC II molecules which activate T cells

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8
Q

dendritic cells can activate

A

Th1 and Th2 cells

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9
Q

activated Th2 cells

A

cause B cells to become plasma cells and release antibodies

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10
Q

how are B cells activated by T cells

A

via co-stimulatory molecules and the release of cytokines

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11
Q

Th1 cells activate..

A

cytotoxic T cells

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12
Q

how are cytotoxic T cells activated

A

by Th1 cells which release cytokines - IFN-gamma and IL-2)

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13
Q

Th1 and cytotoxic T cells leave

A

the lymph node and of to the site of infection

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14
Q

virally infected cells are killed by

A

cytotoxic T cells –> they used MHC I molecules which present on virally infected cells to be recognised

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15
Q

NK cells get activated by

A

IFN-alpha released by infected cells and IL-2 and IFN-gamma, released by T helper 1 cells –> once activated NK cells kill virally infected cells

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16
Q

antibodies and viral infection

A
  • neutralise viral proteins b binding to them

- or bound antibodies may guide NK cells to recognise infected cells and kill them