immune cells Flashcards
what is this
Neutrophil
what is this
monocyte
what is this
basophil
what is this
what is this
eosinophil
name these left to right
monocyte
lymphocyte
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
what is this
macrophage
macrophages
phagocytoic, respiratory burst, produce NO
hematopoietic cells
stemp cells which diffrentiate into blood cells
- cells of the innate immune sytem derive from myeloid precurosors
- whereas cells associated with the adaptive immune system are derived from common lymphoid precursors
role of neutrophil
They circulate around our body in the bloodstream, and when they sense signals that an infection is present, they are the first cells to migrate to the site of the infection to begin killing the invading microbes.
– self destrcut after one burst of activity
role of basophil
Invovled in mmune response to parasites. They have IgE receptors and granules are released when cells bind to IgE
role of eosinophils
phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes.
A high eosinophil blood count may indicate allergic reaction
Produce histamine
role of platelets
are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to stop bleeding by clumping and clotting blood vessel injuries
role of monocytes
They are cells that possess a large smooth nucleus, a large area of cytoplasm, and many internal vesicles for processing foreign material. Monocytes and their macrophage and dendritic-cell progeny serve three main functions in the immune system. These are phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and cytokine production
role of dendritic
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems.
which cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune system
dendritic cells
role of mast cells
The IgE-primed mast cell releases granules and powerful chemical mediators, such as histamine, cytokines, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), leukotrienes, heparin, and many proteases into the environment. These chemical mediators cause the characteristic symptoms of allergy
which cells are derived from myeloid progenitor cells
neutrophils,, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells
role of NK cells
- killing infected cell
- lymphocyte lineage
- activate macrophages
- kills in the same way as CD8 cells
T cell
T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells, by the presence of a T-cell receptor on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus from thymocytes[1] (although some also mature in the tonsils[2]). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function.
B cell
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies.
which cells derive from common lymphoid progenitor cells
NK cells, T cells, B cells
T helper cells
Helper T cells are arguably the most important cells in adaptive immunity, as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses. They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells.
Th 1 cells activate
B cells –> plasma cells
Macrophages –> activated macrophages
NK cell–> acitvated NK cell
CD8 T cell –> cytotoxic T cell
IFN-gamma secreted by Th1 activate
B cells and macrophages
IFN- gamma and IL-2 secreted by Th1 activate
NK cells
CD8 T cells
CD8 T cells
cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
–> killing inected cells
all nucleate cells have
major histocompatibility complex 1 (MHC 1) molecules
Innate immune cells
N E B M D N- M
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Mast
Dendritic
Natural killer
monocyte/macrophages
Adaptive
cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
Helper T cells
B lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
neutralisation of microbes, phagocytosis, complement activation
maturation of T lymphocyte
Bone: pre- T cell
Thymus: selection of T cells with appropriately rearranged receptors for antigen
lymph node: Naive T cell
lymph node: encounter with antigen bearing DC (dendritic cell) leads to activation an functional polarisation to effector or memory T cell
Peripheral tissue: carry out effector function
Lymph node:memory T cell
Th2 cells activate
naive b cells–> plasma cells
Macrophages -> activated
eosinophil
Basophil, mast cells (defence against extracellular bacteria and parasites)
what do basophils release
prostaglandins, serotonin and histamines to increase bloodflow to the area
monocytes are precursors of
tissue macrophages- transform when inside tissue
most commone WBC
neutrophils - 60-70%
second most common WBC
lymphocyte (20-50%)
B+T cells
second least common
Eosinophils
least common WBC
basophils
