new right Flashcards
what are the 4 new right explainations for social class inequality + sociologists
new right
- inequality must occur to encourage competition- saunders
- if work is done to try and equalise society, individuals become more complacent- murray
- there is no incentive ti work hard without inequality in society due to the welfare state- marsland
- those from a higher social class group are part of the cognative elite so do better than those from lower social classes- hernstein and murray
who supports the explaination “inequality must occur to incourage competition” + their ideas
class
SAUNDERS
* supports the principle of equality of oppurtunity
* a degree of inequality is desirable and functional because it will motivate people to compete
* critical of attempts of left wing governments to try and equalise society. e.g. taxing rich to pay for disadvantaged but just interferes with the market force
who supports the explaination ‘if work is done to try and equalise society, individuals become more complacent’ + their ideas
classs
MURRAY
* us gov policies of providing welfare benifits for low income groups creates a dependency culture- no motivation to better themself
* created an underclass- drain taxpayers
* they need to be encouraged to stand on their own feet rather than relying on support from the state
who supported the explaination “there is no incentive to work hard without inequality in society due to welfare state” + their ideas
class
MARSLAND
* dependency culture
* undermines personal responsibility
* stops people from being self sufficient
* not fostering personal responsibility, work ethic and initative
* traps people in poverty and prevent social mobility
* erodes traditional values of ambition
who supports the explaination “those from a higher social class group are part of the cognative elite so do better than those from lower classes” + their ideas
class
HERRINSTEIN & MURRAY
* the ‘bell curve’
* intelligence plays a big role in determining peoples education, income and overall social status
* creates a group of people of higher classes that have access to more resources and opportunities
* divide makes it harder for people in lower classes to better their situation
* intelligence influences education/job opportunities- leading to better socioeconomic status
NO AGE INEQUALITY FOR NEW RIGHT
what are the 4 new right explainations for gender inequality + the sociologists
- single mothers are unable to socialise their children into shared values (murray)
- matriarchal households encourage criminal behaviour (dennis & erdos)
- women are genetically designed to be caregivers and should feel privilaged to have this role (schlaffy)
- a womens role in the family is vital to a smooth running society (thatcher)
who supports the idea that ‘single mothers are unable to socialise their children into shared values’ + their ideas
gender
MURRAY
* differences in gender experiences are as a result of biological and innate differences
* rising birthrates outside marriage, crime and youth unemployment were signs of irresponsable attitudes in the underclass
* advocates nuclear family
* its functional for women to fulfil the housewife role
* blames single mother households
who supports the explaination that ‘matriarchal households encourage criminal behaviour’ + their ideas
gender
DENNIS AND ERDOS
* argue that matriarchal backgrounds undermine traditional family structures
* these priotitise male authority in two-parent families
* the fatherless and decline in paternal involvement, negatively impacts boys development development
* single mother households cause issues such as…. weakened role of men, impact on children, socil and moral decline
who supports the explaination that ‘women are genetically designed to be caregivers and should feel privilaged to have this role’ + their ideas
gender
SCHLAFFY
* women should not feel the need to go to work
* being a mother and a wife should be the most fulfiling role they will ever perform in life
* +the quote
who supports the explaination that ‘a womens role in the family is vital to a smooth running society’ + their ideas
gender
THATCHER (not a key thinker but similar ideas)
* emphasis of family being the bedrock of society, nuclear family is functional to society
* policies did not focus on advancing gender inequalities
what are the 4 new right explainations for ethnic inequality + the sociologist
- cultural differences distribute to ethnic inequalities (MOOD ET AL)
- inequalities faced by ethnic minorities are due to rising rates of unemployment (MURRAY)
- lone parenting results in ethnic minority children from becoming more likely to partake in criminal activities (SEWELL)
- inequalities are not a result of structural racism but rather the result of cultural values, personal responsibility and economic freedom (sowell)
who supports the explaination ‘cultural differences distribute to ethnic inequalities’ + their ideas
ethnic
MOOD ET AL
(not a new right thinker- but supports ideology)
* some ethnic groups face langauge barriers which reduce their employment chances and found…
* 3/5ths of bangladeshi women dont speak english
* 1/5 pakistani pakistani/bangladeshi men dont speak english
* they have the lowest economic activity
who supports the explaination ‘inequalities faced by ethnic minorities are due to rising rates of unemployment’ + their ideas
ethnic
MURRAY
* argued that USA had a growing underclass that posed a threat to society
* government policies were incouraging increasing numbers of americans being dependent on benifits
* welfare refoms led to an increase of unmarital black mothers & black youths from wanting a job
* benifits are counterproductive- discouraged motivation
who supports the explaination ‘lone parenting results in ethnic minority children from becoming more likely to partake in criminal activities’ + their ideas
ethnic
SEWELL
(not a new right key thinker but supports)
* high proportion of black boys are raised in lone parent families in the uk
* in 2001 black families were lone parent families 55% compared to 25% white families
black boys lacked male role model and dicipline from father figures
who supports the explaination ‘inequalities are not a result of structural racism but rather the result of cultural values, personal responsibility and economic freedom’ + their ideas
ethnic
SOWELL
* government intervention and belief that cultural factors play a major role in social outcomes
* **4 key areas that cause ethnic inequality **
1. cultural factors
2. governement intention
3. inaccurate comparisons of different ethnic group successes
4. fostering a victimhood mentality
