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Clinical Nursing May Exam > Neutering > Flashcards

Neutering Flashcards

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1
Q

when are bitch spays typically done?

A

anoestrus

6 months old before first season or 3 months after 1st season

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2
Q

why are bitch spays recommended to do early?

A

best chance of preventing mammary cancer

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3
Q

when is the typical age for dog castrate?

A

6-9 months or older

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4
Q

when are cat spays done?

A

4-6 months old or later

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5
Q

when are cat castrates done?

A

from 4-6 months when testicles large enough

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6
Q

what are reasons for neutering?

A

population control

controlling hereditary disease

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7
Q

state reasons for spaying

A

prevent pyometra, mammary cancer, false pregnancy, prolapse, neoplasia
assist diabetes and epilepsy management

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8
Q

state reasons for castration

A

manage behaviour such as roaming, male aggression, sexual behaviour
prevent testicular disease, perineal rupture, prostatic disease
infectious control of FIV

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9
Q

what are cons of spaying?

A

weight gain
coat change
urinary incontinence due to USMI
hypoplasia of external genitalia

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10
Q

what are cons of castration?

A 
weight gain
increased appetite
coat change
increased nervousness
delayed closure of growth plates in giant breeds if done too early
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11
Q

what are the two methods of spaying and what surgical approach is used?

A

ovariectomy- laparoscopic

ovariohysterectomy- midline laparotomy

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12
Q

what are advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic spays?

A

adv- smaller incisions so reduced pain and quicker recovery

disadv- more expensive and less commonly done

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13
Q

describe positioning for bitch spay

A

dorsal recumbency for midline approach

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14
Q

what area is clipped for bitch spays?

A

umbilicus to pubis

2/3 width of animal or wider for lap spay

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15
Q

what instruments are needed for bitch spay?

A

standard soft tissue kit
3 or more large artery forceps
possibly spay hook

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16
Q

how are cats positioned for spays?

A

right lateral recumbency for flank incision

17
Q

how do you find position to clip for cat spays?

A

make triangle from wing of ileum and greater trochanter

18
Q

what instruments are needed for cat spay?

A

standard soft tissue kit
3 or more small artery forceps
spay hook

19
Q

what are potential complications following spays?

A 
haemorrhage
ovarian remnant stump
stump granuloma or pyometra
urinary tract injury
abdominal hernia
infection
20
Q

what should be monitored after neutering?

A

general post GA monitoring
signs of haemorrhage
wound issues

21
Q

what tends to be analgesia protocol following spays and dog castrates?

A

opioids and NSAIDs on day of op

send home with oral NSAIDs

22
Q

state considerations post neutering

A

keep quiet for 10 days with short walks and no jumping
feed bland diet after GA then normal food
check at 2-3 days and 10 days for suture removal

23
Q

what are surgical methods of castration?

A

orchiectomy or vasectomy

24
Q

how can you temporarily castrate?

A

chemical castration by suprelorin implant

25
Q

what are the two types of castration?

A

open

closed

26
Q

define open castration

A

vaginal tunic incised

27
Q

define closed castration

A

vaginal tunic left intact

28
Q

describe positioning and approach for incision for dog castrate

A

dorsal recumbency for pre-scrotal midline approach

29
Q

where is clipped for dog castrate?

A

between tip of penis and scrotum, several cm each side

30
Q

what instruments are needed for dog castrate?

A

standard soft tissue kit

at least 3 haemostats

31
Q

how are cats positioned for castration?

A

lateral recumbency for 2 scrotal incisions

32
Q

where is clipped for cat castrate?

A

scrotum and surrounding area

33
Q

what instruments needed for cat castrate?

A

scalpel

34
Q

how are retained testicles classed?

A

pre-scrotal
inguinal
abdominal

35
Q

why do testicles need removing if both not fully descended by 6 months?

A

increased risk of neoplasia

36
Q

when to testicles normally descend by?

A

30-40 days

37
Q

what are complications of castration?

A 
scrotal bruising
scrotal swelling
haemorrhage
infection
self trauma
38
Q

what is analgesia protocol for cat castrates?

A

opioids and NSAIDs on day of op

Clinical Nursing May Exam (22 decks)

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