Neurulation

Question 1

During Neurulation the neural ectoderm forms:

Answer 1

The dorsal hollow nerve cord/ neural tube, and neural crest

Question 2

During neurulation, the mesoderm turn into :

Answer 2

Notochord and somites

Question 3

Which stage is considered the phylotypic stage for vertebrates?

Answer 3

The post-neurula stage.

Question 4

Describe the Neurulation Overview of Movements

Answer 4

The neural plate exists, and the neural folds on either side rise above the plate, meet to create the neural crest, and the resulting neural plate tissue breaks off and lowers below into the neural tube.

Question 5

What is the notoplate?

Answer 5

a section of tissue that convergent extends during neural closure

Question 6

What two points exist during chick neurulation that allow folding, elevation of the neural crest, and convergence/closure?

Answer 6

The medial hinge point, and the dorsolateral hinge point.

Question 7

At what places do E and N cadherins act in the neurulation?

Answer 7

The E cadherins are on the ends, and the N cadherin is part of the neural groove.

Question 8

What two molecules are missing during craniorachischisis?

Answer 8

Looptail, and Strb

Question 9

What human deformity creates a smaller head?

Answer 9

Anencephaly

Question 10

What human deformity creates a bulge in the lower part of the spine?

Answer 10

Spina bifida

Question 11

What molecules are important that the mother have for neural tube closure?

Answer 11

Folate binding proteins

Question 12

Myelencephalon

Answer 12

part of the hindbrain, and contains the medulla

Question 13

Metencephalon

Answer 13

part of the hindbrain, and contains the cerebellum and the pons

Question 14

Mesencephalon

Answer 14

part of the midbrain, and is called the midbrain.

Question 15

Diencephalon

Answer 15

part of the forebrain, and contains the retina, epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Question 16

Telencephalon

Answer 16

part of the forebrain, and contains the olfactory lobes, hippocampus, and the cerebrum.

Question 17

What are placodes?

Answer 17

Slight thickenings of the surface epithelia.

Question 18

Lens placode becomes…

Answer 18

the lens itself

Question 19

The Neural ectoderm in the eye becomes two pieces:

Answer 19

Becomes the early optic cup, then the inner layer becomes retina, and the outer layer becomes pigmented epithelium

Question 20

Outer cells of the eye become the

Answer 20

cornea

Question 21

Which two genes are required for eye formation?

Answer 21

Rx, and Pax6