Cell Biology Flashcards
Describe the phenomenon of “Sorting Out”
When cell were forced to lose their adhesion to each other, and were mixed together, they reformed their respective cell types and segregated.
What is the conclusion of the “Sorting Out” experiment?
Cell must have surface differences that differentiate their cell type.
What are cadherins, and what does the acronym mean?
Calcium dependent adherence proteins
Cadherins are ____ proteins. In the cytoplasm, they connect to ____ via alpha and beta proteins.
transmembrane, actin
Adherens junctions
Contain cadherins, and are useful for adhering cells together.
Gap Junctions
Little tubes that go between cells
Desmosomes
like weld spots that are used for structural stability
Tight Junctions
Tight selectively permeable chicken wire that separates the main cell body from e.g microvili
What is the ordering from out to inside of ECM to cytoskeleton?
Collagen to fibronectin to integrins to cytoskeleton microfilaments. The proteoglycans fill space.
Basal lamina
Where the cell rest on the ECM. Attached by specialized integrins and hemidesmosomes.
Three types of cytoskeleton polymers
Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Used for transport, and made from tubulin polymers
Microfilaments
made from actin polymers, thin
Intermediate Filaments
made from IF dimers.
Molecular Motors: Dyneins move toward:
negative end of Microtubules
